超短半径水平井造斜钻进特性研究  

Characteristics of Deflecting Drilling in Ultrashort-Radius Horizontal Wells

作　　者：闫壮 孙凯 穆总结 刘宝振 谢津梁 曾常辉 孙照伟 Yan Zhuang;Sun Kai;Mu Zongjie;Liu Baozhen;Xie Jinliang;Zeng Changhui;Sun Zhaowei(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing);State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing)at Karamay;Downhole Service Company,CNPC Xibu Drilling Engineering Company Limited)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与工程全国重点实验室 [2]中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区油气资源与工程全国重点实验 [3]中国石油西部钻探工程公司井下作业公司

出　　处：《石油机械》2024年第10期47-54,共8页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“流量-转速耦合作用下液力离合导向钻井控制机理研究”(52274017);新疆维吾尔自治区杰出青年科学基金项目“多元复合冲击钻井提速机理研究”(2021D01E23);新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才项目“超短半径水平井成井机理与关键技术研究”(2022TSTCCX0052)。

摘　　要：超短半径水平井技术是老井改造、油井增产和提高产能的重要方式,对实现油田老区块的二次开发具有积极意义。基于Drucker-Prager准则建立了三维砂岩模型,模拟柔性钻具侧钻造斜过程,研究不同曲率半径侧钻中表现出的受力规律,以明确柔性钻具在地层造斜钻进机理,厘清柔性钻具超短半径造斜机理。研究结果表明:超短半径水平井井眼曲率是柔性钻具所受侧向力、轴向力、滑动摩擦力、钻压传递及扭矩传递等因素共同作用的结果;柔性钻具所受侧向力与井眼曲率半径呈负相关,且井眼曲率半径越大,振动频率也就越明显,钻压消耗越大;轴向力与井眼曲率半径成正比,井眼曲率越小,摩擦和碰撞对扭矩损耗的影响越小;在超短半径水平井钻进中,应适当调整钻压、提高转速、增大排量和泵注压力,并提高井眼清洗效率,进而提高柔性钻具造斜效率及钻进速度。所得结果可为超短半径水平井钻井技术的现场应用及剩余油气和非常规油气开发提供理论支撑。Ultrashort-radius horizontal well technology is an important way to reconstruct old wells,increase well production and improve flow potential,and has positive significance for the secondary development of maturing blocks of oilfields.On the basis of Drucker-Prager criteria,a 3D sandstone model was built to simulate the sidetracking build-up process of flexible drill string,study the force laws exhibited during sidetracking at different curvature radii,and clarify the deflecting drilling mechanism of flexible drill string in strata as well as the ultrashort-radius angle building mechanism of flexible drill string.The results show that the borehole curvature of ultrashort-radius horizontal well is the result of joint action of factors such as lateral force,axial force,sliding friction force,weight on bit(WOB)transfer and torque transfer on flexible drill string.The lateral force on the flexible drill string is negatively correlated with the radius of borehole curvature,and the larger the radius of borehole curvature,the more apparent the vibration frequency,and the greater the WOB consumption is.The axial force is directly proportional to the radius of borehole curvature,and the smaller the borehole curvature,the smaller the impact of friction and collision on the torque loss is.In the drilling of ultrashort-radius horizontal well,it is necessary to properly adjust the WOB,increase the rotation speed,increase the displacement and pumping pressure,and improve the wellbore cleaning efficiency,thereby improving the deflecting efficiency and drilling speed of flexible drill string.The study results provide theoretical support for the field application of ultrashort-radius horizontal well drilling technology and the development of remaining oil and unconventional oil and gas.

关 键 词：超短半径水平井 柔性钻具 钻压传递 井眼曲率 侧向力 仿真模拟 

分 类 号：TE242[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]