海洋天然气水合物降压开采装备现状与技术探讨  

Current Status and Techniques of Equipment for Depressurization Exploitation of Marine Gas Hydrate

作　　者：万春燕 张贺恩 李磊 陈才虎 高妍 邸建伟 朱煜鑫 Wan Chunyan;Zhang He en;Li Lei;Chen Caihu;Gao Yan;Di Jianwei;Zhu Yuxin(CNPC Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co.,Ltd.;CNPC National Petroleum Drilling Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center Company Limited;CNPC Offshore Engineering Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 [2]中油国家油气钻井装备工程技术研究中心有限公司 [3]中国石油集团海洋工程有限公司

出　　处：《石油机械》2024年第10期83-90,共8页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团有限公司项目“适应南海北部天然气水合物的丛式多分支水平井组钻采技术和装置研究及试验”(2021DJ4903);中国石油天然气集团有限公司关键核心技术攻关项目“水下采油树关键部件国产化研制”(2021ZG14)。

摘　　要：在南海神狐海域采用降压法成功实施了2次天然气水合物试采,在深水浅软地层水合物钻采技术上取得了多项重大技术突破,但仍面临单井产量低、开采配套装备复杂及经济适用性弱等问题。为了配套神狐海域第3次降压法试采开采方案,系统梳理了降压法开采技术对开采装备的影响因素,对比分析了常规油气开采的水下采油树结构适应性,提出了一套适用于深水天然气水合物开采的水下卧式采气树关键技术理论;形成的“一体式”集成化采气树本体、双穿越结构水下穿越器、失效安全型液控水下阀门及驱动器、复合电液控制系统等技术,可满足海洋天然气水合物开发装备质量轻、水合物二次结冰封堵干预、井下作业工况监测和远程控制等要求。所得结果可为海洋天然气水合物长期稳定、可控开采的配套装备开发提供借鉴。The China Geological Survey has successfully implemented two natural gas hydrate production tests in the Shenhu sea area using depressurization method,achieving multiple major breakthroughs in drilling and production technologies of hydrate in deepwater shallow soft formations.However,there are still problems such as low single well production,complex exploitation supporting equipment and weak economic applicability.In order to support the exploitation plan of the third depressurization production test in the Shenhu Sea area,the influential factors of depressurization exploitation technique on exploitation equipment were systematically sorted out.The adaptability of subsea Christmas tree structure for conventional oil and gas exploitation was compared and analyzed,and a set of key technical theories for subsea horizontal Christmas tree suitable for deepwater gas hydrate exploitation was proposed.The technologies such as“integrated”Christmas tree body,dual crossing structure subsea crossing device,fail safe hydraulic control subsea valve and driver,and composite electrohydraulic control system were formed,which can meet the requirements of lightweight equipment for the development of marine gas hydrate,secondary icing and plugging intervention of hydrate,downhole operation condition monitoring and remote control.The research results provide reference for the development of supporting equipment for long-term stable and controllable exploitation of marine gas hydrates.

关 键 词：神狐海域 海洋天然气水合物 降压开采 关键技术与装备 水下采气树 

分 类 号：TE95[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]