埃迪卡拉纪晚期特有化石Shaanxilithes的埋藏学研究:来自华北克拉通和柴达木板块的化石材料  

Taphonomy of the typical Late Ediacaran fossil Shaanxilithes:Materials from the North China Craton and Qaidam Block

作　　者：王欣[1,2,3] 张兴亮 刘伟[2] WANG Xin;ZHANG XingLiang;LIU Wei(Centre for Orogenic Belt Geology,Strata Type Section for the Bottom of Wenlock-Shaanxi Ziyang Field Scientific Observation,Xi an Center of China Geological Survey,CGS,Xi an 710054,China;State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life Institute and Environments,Department of Geology,Northwest University,Xi an 710069,China;State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,CAS,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局造山带地质研究中心,自然资源部中志留统底界层型剖面-陕西紫阳野外科学观测基地,西安地质调查中心,西安710054 [2]大陆动力学国家重点实验室,陕西省早期生命与环境重点实验室,西北大学地质学系,西安710069 [3]现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《岩石学报》2024年第11期3685-3698,共14页Acta Petrologica Sinica

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(DD20243411、DD20240029、DD20230553、DD20230005、DD20230215);中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室开放课题基金(213121);陕西省自然基础研究计划项目(2023-JC-ZD-0247、2022JC-DW5-01、2022JM-149、2023-JC-ZD-14、2023-JC-YB-268、2023-JC-ZD-15、2023-JC-YB-274);国家自然科学基金项目(41902007,41302006)联合资助.

摘　　要：布尔吉斯页岩型宏观化石为我们探索早期生命演化以及古代海洋生态系统提供了重要窗口。然而,关于布尔吉斯页岩型化石库的埋藏学研究尚存在较大争议,特别是对于化石相关的黏土矿物成因及其在化石埋藏保存中的作用存在不同理解。鉴于此,本文通过微观岩石学和电子显微镜对产自我国北方的埃迪卡拉纪晚期非矿化管状化石Shaanxilithes开展化石埋藏学研究。研究显示,Shaanxilithes的保存方式与布尔吉斯页岩型埋藏方式较为相似,即化石可以呈与黏土矿物密切相关的碳质压膜形式保存。研究在一定程度上扩展了布尔吉斯页岩型宏观化石的岩相学分布,即Shaanxilithes化石可以保存在砂岩、粉砂岩、页岩和白云岩等多种类型的沉积岩中。同时,研究认为黏土矿物对于生物非矿化组织的保存起到了至关重要的作用,而这些黏土矿物在随后的成岩作用以及后期的风化作用中经历了一系列的动态转化过程。The Burgess Shale-type(BST)macrofossils provide a crucial insight into our understanding of the early evolutionary history and ancient marine ecosystems.However,there is no consensus about its taphonomy,especially too much debate on the origin and role of the clay minerals in BST preservation.To address these issues,we analyzed the Late Ediacaran non-biomineralized tubular fossil Shaanxilithes from North China by using the microscopic petrography and electron microscopy.New materials indicate that Shaanxilithes ribbon is likely preserved as a carbonaceous compression closely associated with clay templates,which is broadly similar to the BST macrofossils.Our new data greatly extend the petrographic distribution of BST preservation,demonstrating that these Shaanxilithes ribbons can be preserved in a variety of sedimentary rocks,such as the sandstone,siltstone,shale and dolostone.Significantly,new evidence reveals that these clays play a pivotal role in the initial preservation of non-mineralized tissues,and undergo the subsequent dynamic transformation,ranging from the diagenesis to weathering process.

关 键 词：布尔吉斯页岩型化石 伊利石 埃洛石 动态转化 陕西迹 

分 类 号：P52[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] P588.2[天文地球—地质学]