利用遗传算法实现低倾角卫星星座优化设计  

Realization of Low Inclination Satellites Constellation Optimization Based on GA

作　　者：赵文策[1] 舒传华[1] 王盛玺[1] ZHAO Wence;SHU Chuanhua;WANG Shengxi(Technology Department of Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center,Taiyuan 030027,China)

机构地区：[1]太原卫星发射中心技术部,太原030027

出　　处：《航天控制》2024年第5期76-82,共7页Aerospace Control

摘　　要：针对热点区域的多重覆盖问题,采用回归圆轨道的共星下点轨迹星座方案,提出基于遗传算法求解单颗卫星轨道参数、利用简单解析公式求解星座轨道参数的方法。首先,建立了回归轨道热点区域多重覆盖模型;其次,以卫星一个回归周期内覆盖时间最长为性能指标,首颗卫星轨道根数利用遗传算法可优化求取;最后,根据星下点轨迹重合这一约束条件设计星座构型,并利用各卫星间几何关系求解各卫星的轨道根数。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该方法简单且易于实现,设计结果正确,可实现回归周期内同一卫星星下点轨迹多次覆盖目标,星座使用卫星少、覆盖频率高,具有较好的工程应用价值。Aiming at the problem of multi-coverage of hot regions,a design scheme of common ground track constellation with regression orbit attribute is applied,and a design method based on genetic algorithm(GA)for optimization of the orbital parameters of a single satellite and analytic method for solving the orbital parameters of a constellation is proposed in this paper.Firstly,a regression orbit model for muti-coverage of hot region is established.Secondly,by taking the optimal coverage effect of a hot region as the performance index,genetic algorithm(GA)is used to optimize and solve the orbit parameters of a single satellite.Finally,the orbit parameters of the constellation are solved by analytical method.The results of theoretical analysis and simulation totally show that the design method can achieve periodic multi-coverage of hot regions and higher time resolution ratio,which present fairly good engineering application value.

关 键 词：热点区域 近地轨道 多重覆盖 遗传算法 星座 星下点轨迹 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]