呼和浩特市中心城区热健康危险性空间特征分析  

Spatial characteristics of heat health risks in central urban areas of Hohhot,China

作　　者：郭海明 张岚晶 董静 张岚彪 GUO Hai-ming;ZHANG Lan-jing;DONG Jing;ZHANG Lan-biao(Hohhot Meteorololgical Bureau,Hohhot 010020,China;Ecological and Agricultural Meteorology Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region)

机构地区：[1]呼和浩特市气象局,呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古自治区生态与农业气象中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2024年第10期812-817,共6页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：内蒙古预防医学会科研计划项目(2023NMYF-HJ014)。

摘　　要：目的细化描述中小尺度城区热健康风险评估框架中危险性作用机制的空间差异,为建立呼和浩特市城区热健康风险模型提供数据基础,为未来开展热健康风险应对行动提供理论依据。方法收集2018年呼和浩特市遥感、气象等数据,借助ENVI、ArcGIS等软件对呼和浩特市中心城区地表温度进行反演,对地表温度危险性进行区划,并利用Moran’s I指数探索中心城区地表温度空间相关性。结果从春季到冬季,地表温度分布呈现出由四周向城区中心逐渐升高后又向四周逐渐降低的趋势,高热危险区处于中心城区交汇处及赛罕区东南部,面积为311 km^(2),全局和局部空间均呈正相关,且高低聚类区分布与地表温度空间分布特征相似。结论呼和浩特市中心城区平均地表温度高低表现为回民区>赛罕区>玉泉区>新城区。主城区高温危险最严重,空间存在热源冷源聚类区域。Objective To describe the spatial differences in the mechanism of risk in the framework of heat health risk assessment for urban areas at a small and medium scale,and provide a data basis for establishing a heat health risk model for urban areas in Hohhot,China,and to provide a theoretical basis for future heat health risk response action.Methods With the use of ENVI and Arc-GIS,the land surface temperatures in the central urban areas of Hohhot were retrieved and zoned into different heat risk levels.The spatial correlation of the land surface temperatures in central urban Hohhot was analyzed using the Moran’s I index.Results From spring to winter,land surface temperature exhibited a gradual increase from the surrounding areas towards the urban center and then a gradual decrease towards the surrounding areas.The zones at high heat risks were located at the intersections of the central urban areas and southeastern Saihan District,encompassing an area of 311 km^(2).Both global and local spatial correlations were positive,and the distribution of high-and low-cluster areas resembled the spatial distribution of land surface temperature.Conclusion The average land surface temperature of central urban Hohhot is the highest in Huimin District,followed by Saihan District,Yuquan District,and Xincheng District.The main urban areas face the highest heat risk,with distinct clusters of heat sources and cold sources in the space.

关 键 词：Landsat 8遥感数据 呼和浩特市 地表温度反演 空间相关性 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]