2019年天津市农村家庭环境卫生行为影响因素研究  

Factors influencing hygiene behaviors in rural households in Tianjin,China,2019

作　　者：胡海娟 张可欣 张磊[1] 符刚[1] 赵亮[1] 崔玉山[1] HU Hai-juan;ZHANG Ke-xin;ZHANG Lei;FU Gang;ZHAO Liang;CUI Yu-shan(Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心,天津300011

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2024年第10期818-822,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：天津市第二批卫生健康行业高层次人才选拔培养工程项目(TJSQNYXXR-D2-151);天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目流行病学(非传染病预防与控制)(TJYXZDXK-051A);天津市卫生健康科研项目(TJWJ2023MS041)。

摘　　要：目的调查天津市涉农区农村家庭的卫生行为状况,分析其影响因素。方法于2019年对天津市的三个典型涉农区采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,抽取60个样本村和300户农村家庭后进行横断面调查,主要内容包括农村环境卫生基本情况、家庭基本情况和家庭卫生行为。采用多水平Logistic回归模型分析农村环境卫生条件、人口经济学状况对家庭卫生行为指标的影响。结果村内是否组织改厕对农户家庭是否使用卫生厕所的影响有显著性(P<0.05);提供间歇性供水的村中,喝包装水的家庭所占比例较连续性供水的村更低(P<0.05);农村家庭是否使用卫生厕所以及农村家庭的饮水习惯在行政村水平存在聚集性(P<0.05)。结论村内有组织的改厕可以促进村民使用卫生厕所;间歇式供水可能会引起居民家庭饮水方式的改变,与农民家庭卫生行为相关的环境卫生条件的保障需要引起足够关注;对具有村-户两级嵌套结构的数据分析时,更适合采用层次结构模型。Objective To investigate hygiene behaviors in rural households of Tianjin,and to explore possible influencing factors.Methods In 2019,the multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 60 sample villages and 300 rural households in three typical rural areas of Tianjin.A cross-sectional survey was conducted regarding the basic situation of rural environmental sanitation,basic household conditions,and household hygiene behaviors.The multi-level logistic regression model was used to analyze the effects of rural environmental sanitation conditions and demographic economics on household hygiene behavior indicators.Results The presence or absence of village-organized toilet modification significantly influenced the household use of hygiene toilet(P<0.05).The proportion of households drinking packaging water was lower in the villages with intermittent water supply than in the villages with continuous water supply(P<0.05).The use of hygiene toilets and the habit of drinking of rural households were clustered at the village level(P<0.05).Conclusion Organized toilet modification in the village can promote the use of hygiene toilets by villagers.Intermittent water supply may cause changes in household drinking behaviors.Sufficient attention needs to be paid to ensuring environmental sanitation conditions related to rural household hygiene behaviors.The hierarchical structure model should be adopted when analyzing the data with a village-household nesting structure.

关 键 词：农村 家庭卫生行为 间歇性供水 现状调查 

分 类 号：R127[医药卫生—环境卫生学]