水系治理项目污染源调查分析对策与实践  

Countermeasures and Practice of Pollution Sources Investigation and Analysis for River-System Remediation Projects

作　　者：孙同谦 王华 张明运 梁伦彰 SUN Tongqian;WANG Hua;ZHANG Mingyun;LIANG Lunzhang(Tianjin Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300392,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市政工程设计研究总院有限公司,天津300392

出　　处：《净水技术》2024年第10期134-143,共10页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：佛山市南海区良安水系水环境综合治理项目勘察设计。

摘　　要：水系治理项目往往现场情况复杂、调研难度较大,污染源分析作为该类型项目前期工作中最关键环节,能够为后期项目实施提供最直接、最有效的依据。文章以南方某水系治理项目前期调研过程为例,详细阐述污染源分析对策中技术路线、工作方法,以及如何以污染负荷估算为标准分析各类型污染的量化指标。为明确目标水系污染源总体分布情况,该次污染源调查采用现场初勘、实地调查、污染源分析的工作方法,通过点源污染负荷估算和面源污染负荷估算,分析得到4个主要排口对目标水系入河COD_(Cr)、氨氮、TP污染总贡献率分别达83.1%、78.4%、85.5%,工业面源污染和农村面源污染对目标水系入河COD_(Cr)、氨氮、TP污染总贡献率分别达到75.41%、87.36%、83.36%。证明对目标子流域污染贡献度较高的排口和面源污染类型,为后期工程措施提供关键依据。文章所阐述的污染源分析对策可为类似项目前期调研提供思路和借鉴,为相关项目后期实施提供较为精准的依据。Water system governance projects often have complex on-site conditions and high research difficulty.Pollution source analysis,as the most crucial link in the early stage of this type of project,can provide the most direct and effective basis for the implementation of later projects.This paper takes the preliminary research process of a water system treatment project in the south as an example to elaborate on the technical route and working methods in pollution source analysis countermeasures,as well as how to analyze the quantitative indices of various types of pollution using pollution load estimation as the standard.In order to clarify the overall distribution of pollution sources in the target water system,this pollution source investigation adopts the methods of on-site preliminary survey,on-site investigation,and pollution source analysis.Through point source pollution load estimation and non-point source pollution load estimation,the total contribution rates of the four main outlets to the COD_(Cr),ammonia nitrogen,and TP pollution of the target water system entering the river are analyzed to be 83.1%,78.4%,85.5%,respectively.Industrial non-point source pollution and rural non-point source pollution contribute to the COD_(Cr),ammonia nitrogen,and TP pollution of the target water system entering the river are analyzed to be 75.41%,87.36%,83.36%,respectively.It proves the types of discharge and non-point source pollution that contribute significantly to the pollution of the target sub basin,providing key basis for later engineering measures.The pollution source analysis countermeasures described in this paper can provide ideas and references for similar projects in the early stage of research,and provide a more accurate basis for the later implementation of related projects.

关 键 词：水系治理 污染源分析 污染负荷 污染源调查 点源污染 面源污染 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]