汽车十字轴式万向节断裂原因分析  

Fracture analysis of automobile cross shaft universal joint

作　　者：吴冰冰 张文彬 刘兴龙 樊申腾 钟世标 万天 WU Bingbing;ZHANG Wenbin;LIU Xinglong;FAN Shenteng;ZHONG Shibiao;WAN Tian(Meixin Testing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518108,Guangdong,China;Meixin Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518108,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市美信检测技术股份有限公司,广东深圳518108 [2]深圳市美信咨询有限公司,广东深圳518108

出　　处：《金属加工（热加工）》2024年第10期120-123,共4页MW Metal Forming

摘　　要：某汽车在路况极差、颠簸不平的道路上行驶时,出现了传动系统失效问题,经检查发现万向节的轴承套筒断裂。为查找套筒断裂失效原因,对其断口形貌、显微组织、化学成分、维氏硬度等进行了检测。结果表明:渗碳与淬火工艺不良是万向节轴承套筒发生断裂的主要原因。套筒表面组织为粗针马氏体+大量残留奥氏体,局部可见马氏体间微裂纹,心部存在魏氏组织,使套筒冲击性能变差,因无法承受苛刻路况冲击而发生脆性断裂。A certain car experienced transmission system failure while driving on extremely poor and bumpy roads.Upon inspection,it was found that the universal joint bearing sleeve had fractured.To investigate the cause of sleeve fracture failure,the fracture morphology,microstructure,chemical composition,vickers hardness,etc.were tested.The results show that poor carburizing and quenching processes are the main reasons for the fracture of universal joint bearing sleeve.The surface structure of the sleeve is composed of coarse needle martensite and a large amount of retained austenite,with visible microcracks between martensite in some areas.There is widmannstatten structure in the center.The above structures result in poor impact toughness of the sleeve,making it unable to withstand harsh road conditions and leading to brittle fracture.

关 键 词：万向节轴承套筒 粗针马氏体 残留奥氏体 马氏体间微裂纹 魏氏组织 

分 类 号：U466[机械工程—车辆工程]