中国锂电池回收利用产业发展形势、问题及建议  

Research on the lithium battery recycling industry development situation,problems and recommendations in China

作　　者：袁榴艳 马文略 刘畅[1] 刘月洋[1] 逯昌伯 汪辉 向征艰 董雨 许浩[1] YUAN Liuyan;MA Wenlue;LIU Chang;LIU Yueyang;XIANG Zhengjian;LU Changbo;WANG Hui;DONG Yu;XU Hao(PetroChina Economic and Technical Research Institute;Bureau of Social Responsibility of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团经济技术研究院 [2]国务院国有资产监督管理委员会社会责任局

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2024年第S01期77-83,共7页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：当前,随着全球能源体系向绿色低碳转型,新能源关键金属资源成为国际竞争的新高地。随着新能源汽车和电化学储能的高速发展,中国锂电池步入规模化退役期。促进锂电池回收产业高质量发展,有利于保障中国新能源关键金属资源供应链产业链安全稳定,防治废旧电池环境污染,提升新能源产业链竞争力。本文梳理分析了中国锂电池回收产业的国内政策、发展特点以及存在的主要问题,并基于锂电池需求的回收规模,开展了锂电池产业增长预测分析。结果表明,到2030年,若锂电池回收率达到75%,锂、钴、镍的对外依存度可分别降至10%、15%、44%,可有效解决中国新能源关键金属资源“卡脖子”难题。文章结合中国基本情况和未来发展需求,提出了相关政策建议。At present,with the global energy system to green low-carbon transition,new energy key metal resources have become a new high ground for international competition.With the rapid growth of new energy vehicles and electrochemical energy storage,China's lithium batteries are entering a large-scale decommissioning period.Promoting the high-quality development of lithium battery recycling industry is conducive to guaranteeing the safety and stability of China's new energy key metal resources supply chain and industry chain,preventing and controlling the environmental pollution of waste batteries,and enhancing the competitiveness of the new energy industry chain.This paper combs and analyzes the domestic policies,development characteristics and major problems of China's lithium battery recycling industry,and carries out a forecast analysis of the growth of the lithium battery industry based on the recycling scale of lithium battery demand.The results show that by 2030,if the lithium battery recycling rate reaches 75%,lithium,cobalt,nickel external dependence can be reduced to 10%,15%,44%,respectively,which can effectively solve"tricky"problems of China's new energy key metal resources.The article combines China's basic situation and future development needs,and puts forward relevant policy recommendations.

关 键 词：锂电池 回收利用 发展现状 政策建议 

分 类 号：F43[经济管理—产业经济] F47