汉藏语“儿/子”义小称标记的类型学特征  

Typological Features of Diminutive Markers Derived from Words for "Son/Child"in Sino-Tibetan Languages

作　　者：杨艳 罗增勇[2] YANG Yan;LUO Zengyong

机构地区：[1]玉溪师范学院国际文化学院,玉溪653100 [2]玉溪师范学院信息技术中心,玉溪653100

出　　处：《民族语文》2024年第3期53-66,共14页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目“中、越、老、缅、泰跨境哈尼语语音比较研究(20XYY033)”阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：汉藏语系语言普遍使用“儿/子”义为小称标记。本文在100余种语言和方言语料的基础上讨论小称的语音特征、语音对应关系和语义演变。发现藏缅语族语言的小称标记读音与汉语“子”对应,苗瑶、壮侗语族小称读音与汉语“儿”对应。汉藏语小称在类型学上存在共性趋势和个性特征。Diminutive markers derived from words for"son/child"are generally used in Sino-Tibetan languages.Based on a corpus consisting of more than 100 languages and dialects,we explore the phonological features,sound correspondences and paths of semantic evolution of diminutives.We find that in Tibeto-Burman languages,the diminutive markers correspond in pronunciation to the Chinese word for zi子"child",while in Hmong-Mien and Kam-Tai languages,the diminutive markers correspond in pronunciation to the Chinese word for er儿"son".Cross-linguistically,the diminutive markers in Sino-Tibetan languages,which are derived from words for"son/child",share universal tendencies and enjoy unique features as well.

关 键 词：汉藏语 小称标记 共性超势 个性特征 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言]