新冠肺炎疫情防控对莘庄镇其他甲、乙类传染病流行病学特征的影响  

Influence of the prevention and control of COVID-19 on the epidemiological characteristics of other class A and B infectious diseases in Xinzhuang Town

作　　者：赵静 徐雨生 贺义倩 张雪思 ZHAO Jing;XU Yusheng;HE Yiqian;ZHANG Xuesi(Department of Prevention and Health Care of Xinzhuang Community Health Service Center of Minhang District,Shanghai 201199,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市闵行区莘庄社区卫生服务中心预防保健科,上海201199

出　　处：《上海医药》2024年第18期54-57,共4页Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的:了解新冠疫情防控对上海莘庄镇其他甲、乙类传染病流行病学特征的影响,为常态化疫情防控提供依据。方法:利用中国疾病防控疫情系统中的数据分析疫情发生前(2015-2019年)和疫情发生后(2020-2022年)上海莘庄镇甲、乙类传染病流行病学特征的变化情况。结果:2015-2019年共报告甲、乙类传染病2775例,平均发病率为187.49/10万。2020-2022年共报告、类传染病788例,平均发病率为88.07/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=106.30,P<0.05)。由于新冠疫情防控的影响,新冠肺炎疫情后(2020-2022年)以呼吸道为主要传播途径的传染病发病率比新冠肺炎疫情前(2015-2019年)有明显下降,猩红热发病率下降了89.92%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=141.278,P<0.05;χ2=201.37,P<0.001),以肠道、血源以及性传播的传染病发病率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:新冠肺炎疫情防控对莘庄镇其他甲、乙类传染病的流行特征有明显影响,尤以呼吸道传染病控制效果明显,但对肠道、血源以及性传播的传染病影响不明显。Objective:To understand the influence of prevention and control of COVID-19 on the epidemiological characteristics of other class A and B infectious diseases in Xinzhuang Town of Minhang District,Shanghai to provide relevant prevention and control basis for the normal epidemic prevention and control.Methods:The epidemiological characteristics of class A and B infectious diseases in Xinzhuang Town were statistically analyzed by using the data from China disease prevention and control epidemic system before the outbreak(2015-2019)and after the outbreak(2020-2022).Results:A total of 2775 cases of class A and B infectious diseases were reported from 2015 to 2019,with an average incidence of 187.49 per 100000.A total of 788 cases of class A and B infectious diseases were reported from 2020 to 2022,with an average incidence of 88.07/100000,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=106.30,P<0.05).Due to the influence of COVID-19 prevention and control,after the outbreak(2020-2022)the incidence of major infectious diseases transmitted by respiratory tract decreased significantly compared to those before the outbreak(2015-2019),the incidence rate of scarlet fever decreased 89.92%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=141.278,P<0.05;χ2=201.37,P<0.001).The difference was not statistically significant in the incidence of intestinal,blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases(P>0.05).Conclusion:The epidemic prevention and control of COVID-19 has a significant impact on the epidemic characteristics of other class A and B infectious diseases in Xinzhuang Town,and especially,the control effect of respiratory infectious diseases is obvious,but the control effect of intestinal,blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases is not obvious.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎 甲乙类传染病 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]