母牛常见繁殖障碍调查和治疗效果  

Investigation and Treatment Effects of Common Reproductive Disorders in Cows

作　　者：李乔仙[1] 洪泽宣 赵婷婷 杨凯[1] 武晓倩 刘彦培 黄佑发 王吉 张继才[1] LI Qiao-xian;HONG Ze-xuan;ZHAO Ting-ting;YANG Kai;WU Xiao-qian;LIU Yan-pei;HUANG You-fa;WANG Ji;ZHANG Ji-cai(Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science,Kunming,Yunnan 650212 China;Yanjin County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Yanjin,Yunnan 657500 China)

机构地区：[1]云南省草地动物科学研究院,云南昆明650212 [2]盐津县畜牧兽医站,昭通盐津657500

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2024年第5期21-24,共4页China Cattle Science

基　　金：农业农村部国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-37)、云南省种子种业联合实验室(项目编号:202205AR070001-14)。

摘　　要：本文采用直肠检查与B超仪相结合方法对云南养殖规模在5~200头的肉牛家庭养殖户和规模养殖场进行母牛常见繁殖障碍的调查诊断。共调查诊断263头能繁母牛,其中27头因返情而配种,8头为怀孕后发情,149头为妊娠,79头发生了繁殖障碍;繁殖障碍类型共9种,其中黄体囊肿、卵泡囊肿和隐性子宫内膜炎的发生比例较高,除2种类型的母牛应淘汰外,对7种繁殖障碍类型进行药物或物理治疗,治疗效果显著;调查中发现发生繁殖障碍的母牛体况普遍偏差,评分均在2.4以下,表明低营养状况更容易诱发繁殖障碍性疾病,并且母牛发生持久黄体、黄体囊肿和卵泡囊肿较高的牛场普遍存在牛舍环境差和饲养管理不科学的问题。综上,对能繁母牛进行科学的饲养管理并结合正确的繁殖障碍疾病诊治措施,能有效提高母牛的养殖效益。Combining rectal examination and B-ultrasound instrumen,the common reproductive disorders of beef cows were carried out to investigate and diagnose in smallholder farmer and large-scale farms in Yunnan,with a scale ranging from 5~200 cattle.A total of 263 reproductive cows were diagnosed and examined,of which 149 were normallypregnant,27 were mating during estrus,8 were showing estrus after pregnancy,and 79 happened reproductive disorders.A total of 9 types of reproductive disorders was found,among which the luteal cysts,follicular cysts,and hidden endometritis had higher incidence rate.Except for 2 types of cows that should be eliminated,the drug and physical therapy were applied to 7 types of reproductive disorders,of which the treatment effect was significantly better.During the investigation,it was found that the body condition of the cows with reproductive disorders was generally poor,with a score of less than 2.4,indicating that low nutritional level was more likely to induce reproductive disorders.Moreover,cattle farms with higher incidence rates of persistent corpus luteum,corpus luteum cysts,and follicular cysts in generally suffered from poor environment and unscientific feeding management.In summary,scientific feeding management of breeding cows,combined with correct diagnosis and treatment measures for reproductive disorders,could effectively improve the breeding efficiency for cows.

关 键 词：母牛 常见繁殖障碍 治疗 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]