静盘螺栓对离心压气机背腔流动换热特性影响数值研究  

Numerical Study on the Influence of Stator Bolts on Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Centrifugal Compressor Back Cavity

作　　者：曾培能 董伟林 史善广 杨元英 ZENG Peineng;DONG Weilin;SHI Shanguang;YANG Yuanying(AECC Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute,Zhuzhou,China,412002)

机构地区：[1]中国航发湖南动力机械研究所,湖南株洲412002

出　　处：《热能动力工程》2024年第9期38-44,共7页Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power

摘　　要：采用数值模拟方法研究了静盘螺栓对离心压气机背腔流动换热特性的影响,通过将有/无螺栓两种盘腔模型进行对比,分析了静盘螺栓对离心压气机背腔旋流系数、转盘风阻扭矩系数及对流传热系数的影响规律。结果表明:静盘上安装螺栓后,背腔原本的顺时针大涡将会破碎成多个小涡,流动变得复杂、无规律;静盘螺栓主要对盘腔低半径范围的旋流系数产生影响,使得无量纲半径r/R在0.3~0.75范围内的旋流系数整体低于无螺栓盘腔;在流量系数C_(w)=0.92×10^(4)、旋转雷诺数Re_(ω)=1.39×10^(6)流动工况下,在低半径位置静盘螺栓对边界层内流体周向运动存在抑制作用,在高半径位置静盘螺栓作用则反之,综合导致转盘风阻扭矩系数上升72.7%;静盘上安装螺栓后,转子表面对流传热系数明显降低,使得背腔流体和转盘的温度均降低。The influence of stator bolts on flow and heat transfer characteristics of centrifugal compressor back cavity was studied using numerical simulation methods. By comparing the two kinds of disk cavity models with and without bolts, the influence law of stator bolts on the swirl coefficient, rotor disk windage torque coefficient and convective heat transfer coefficient of the centrifugal compressor back cavity was analyzed. The results show that the original clockwise large vortex in the back cavity will break into multiple small vortices with bolts on stator disk, making the flow in back cavity more complex and irregular. The stator disk bolts mainly affect the swirl coefficient in the low radius range of the disk cavity, resulting in an overall lower swirl coefficient within the non-dimensional radius r/R=0.3~0.75 range compared with smooth back cavity. At low radius positions, stator bolts have an inhibitory effect on the circumferential motion of fluid in the boundary layer, while at high radius positions, the effect of stator bolts is opposite, resulting in a comprehensive increase of about 72.7% in the windage torque coefficient of rotor disk under the flow condition of C_(w)=0.92×10^(4) and Re_(ω)=1.39×10^(6). After installing bolts on the stator disk, the convective heat transfer coefficient of rotor significantly decreases, resulting in a temperature decrease in both the back cavity fluid and rotor disk.

关 键 词：螺栓 离心压气机 背腔 流动换热 数值模拟 

分 类 号：V231.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]