电子束冷床炉熔铸钛合金锭表面裂纹形成原因分析  

Surface crack analysis of the titanium alloy produced by electron beam cold hearth melting

作　　者：许耀平 肖永江 梁高飞 沈厚发[3] XU Yaoping;XIAO Yongjiang;LIANG Gaofei;SHEN Houfa(Yunnan Titanium Industry Co.,Ltd.,Chuxiong 675000,Yunnan,China;Baowu Special Metallurgy Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200940,China;Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]云南钛业股份有限公司,云南楚雄675000 [2]宝武特种冶金有限公司,上海200940 [3]清华大学,北京100084

出　　处：《宝钢技术》2024年第4期7-11,共5页Baosteel Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“钛合金返回料利用及短流程熔铸关键技术开发”(2022YFB3705602)资助。

摘　　要：电子束冷床炉(简称EB炉)熔铸技术在钛及钛合金圆锭、扁锭的制备中发挥重要作用,但是与纯钛熔铸相比,钛合金熔铸时容易出现严重的横裂纹。工程实际中发现结晶器内壁黏结物与凝固坯壳的连接是裂纹形成与扩展的主要原因。通过数值模拟及工程试验的方法分析确定了典型钛合金表面裂纹的形成机理及影响因素,并获得了凝固坯壳与拉锭速度及液面电子枪能量的关系,发现高拉速和持续拉锭的区域容易出现裂纹。Electron beam cold hearth melting plays an important role in the producing titanium and titanium alloys round or slab ingots.However,surface cracks were usually found in titanium alloy compared to pure titanium.In this work,the generation and propagation of the crack were analyzed.The results show that the upper shell is easy to stick on the mold and initiate the crack.A set of casting rate and electron beam power were employed to depict the shell evolution and melt pool profile by simulating the solidification process with slice model.According to these results,several methods were proposed to improve the ingot surface quality effectively.

关 键 词：电子束冷床炉熔炼技术 钛合金 表面裂纹 工艺优化 

分 类 号：TG146.23[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]