新型木质素基阻燃剂在聚氨酯泡沫中的应用  

Application of novel lignin-based flame retardant in polyurethane foam

作　　者：呼微 赵晓杰[1] 刘昱含 刘碧莹 HU Wei;ZHAO Xiaojie;LIU Yuhan;LIU Biying(College of Chemistry,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130022,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun 130102,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学化学学院,吉林长春130022 [2]长春工业大学化学工程学院,吉林长春130102

出　　处：《长春工业大学学报》2024年第4期313-321,共9页Journal of Changchun University of Technology

基　　金：科技部“绿色生物制造”重点专项(2021YFC2103600)。

摘　　要：木质素作为自然界中第二大可再生的天然大分子材料,可以降解,对环境友好。木质素在阻燃体系中可作为优良的成碳剂成为阻燃剂的结构组分。将异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯(TGIC)上面的环氧键,木质素与氨基三甲叉磷酸(ATMP)键连起来,然后,利用苯甲酸与ATMP上的羟基反应,最终制备出含有氮和磷两种元素的木质素基阻燃剂LTAB。通过红外光谱(FTIR)与核磁共振分析(NMR)对LTAB的化学结构进行表征,并通过热重分析(TGA)对LTAB的热稳定性进行分析。将合成的LTAB加入聚氨酯(PU)泡沫反应体系中,共发泡得到阻燃聚氨酯泡沫(PUF),并研究不同含量的LTAB对阻燃聚氨酯泡沫热稳定性、极限氧指数、力学性能与压缩永久变形率等影响规律。当LTAB含量为25%时,PUF的氧指数为28%,达到了难燃程度。而其压缩永久变形率从3.88%降低至2.87%,说明阻燃PUF具有优异的形态稳定性。对燃烧后炭渣的形貌进行研究,探索了LTAB在阻燃PU泡沫中的阻燃机理。实验结果表明,LTAB可成为一种PUF的有效阻燃剂。As a kind of renewable natural macromolecular material,lignin can be used as an excellent carbon-forming agent and structural component of flame retardant in flame retardant system.In this study,lignin and amino trimethylene phosphate(ATMP)were reacted with the glycidyl isocyanurate(TGIC)through the epoxy group,and then the lignin-based flame retardant(LTAB)containing nitrogen and phosphorus was prepared by the reaction of benzoic acid with the hydroxyl group on the ATMP.The chemical structure of LTAB was characterized by FTIR and NMR,and the thermal stability of LTAB was analyzed by TGA.The LTAB was added into the reaction system for the polyurethane(PU)foam,and the flame-retardant polyurethane foam(PUF)was obtained by co-foaming.The effects of LTAB content on the thermal stability,limiting oxygen index(LOI),mechanical properties and compression set rate of flame-retardant PUF were studied.When the content of LTAB was 25%,the LOI of PUF reached 28%.And the compression set rate of PU foam decreased from 3.88%to 2.87%,indicating that flame retardant PUF has excellent mechanical stability.The flame retardant mechanism of flame retardant PU foam was explored.The LTAB was illustrated to be a kind of promising flame retardant for PU foam.

关 键 词：木质素 阻燃剂 生物质 聚氨酯泡沫 

分 类 号：TQ328[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]