Association between Long-Term Exposure to PM_(2.5) Inorganic Chemical Compositions and Cardiopulmonary Mortality: A 22-Year Cohort Study in Northern China  

作　　者：Hongyue Sun Xi Chen Wenzhong Huang Jing Wei Xueli Yang Anqi Shan Liwen Zhang Honglu Zhang Jiayu He Chengjie Pan Jingjing Li Jing Wu Tong Wang Jie Chen Yuming Guo Shilu Tong Guanghui Dong Nai-Jun Tang 

机构地区：[1]Department of Occupational and Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China [2]Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment Nutrition and Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China [3]Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment Nutrition and Public Health,Tianjin 300070,China [4]Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in the Population,Ministry of Education,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China [5]Climate,Air Quality Research Unit,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine,Monash University,Melbourne 3004,Australia [6]Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science,Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center,University of Maryland,College Park,Maryland 20740,United States [7]Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Ji nan 250021,Shandong,China [8]National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China [9]Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China [10]School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China [11]School of Public Health and Social Work,Queensland University of Technology,Brisbane 4072,QLD Australia [12]National Institute of Environmental Health,Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China [13]Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment,Department of Occupational and Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China

出　　处：《Environment & Health》2024年第8期530-540,共11页环境与健康（英文）

基　　金：National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grants 2017YFC0211605 and 2017YFC0211704).

摘　　要：Particulate matter with diameters≤2.5μm(PM_(2.5))has been identified as a significant air pollutant contributing to premature mortality.Nevertheless,the specific compositions within PM_(2.5) that play the most crucial role remain unclear,especially in areas with high pollution concentrations.This study aims to investigate the individual and joint mortality risks associated with PM_(2.5) inorganic chemical compositions and identify primary contributors.In 1998,we conducted a prospective cohort study in four northern Chinese cities(Tianjin,Shenyang,Taiyuan,and Rizhao).Satellite-based machine learning models calculated PM_(2.5) inorganic chemical compositions,including sulfate(SO_(4)^(2–)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(–)),ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)),and chloride(Cl^(-)).A time-varying Cox proportional hazards model was applied to analyze associations between these compositions and cardiorespiratory mortality,encompassing nonaccidental causes,cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),nonmalignant respiratory diseases(RDs),and lung cancer.The quantile-based g-computation model evaluated joint exposure effects and relative contributions of the compositions.Stratified analysis was used to identify vulnerable subpopulations.During 785,807 person-years of follow-up,5812(15.5%)deaths occurred from nonaccidental causes,including 2932(7.8%)from all CVDs,479(1.3%)from nonmalignant RDs,and 552(1.4%)from lung cancer.Every interquartile range(IQR)increase in SO_(4)^(2–)was associated with mortality from nonaccidental causes(hazard ratio:1.860;95%confidence interval:1.809,1.911),CVDs(1.909;1.836,1.985),nonmalignant RDs(2.178;1.975,2.403),and lung cancer(1.773;1.624,1.937).In the joint exposure model,a simultaneous rise of one IQR in all four compositions increased the risk of cardiorespiratory mortality by at least 36.3%,with long-term exposure to SO_(4)^(2–)contributing the most to nonaccidental and cardiopulmonary deaths.Individuals with higher incomes and lower education levels were found to be more vulnerable.Long-term exposure to higher levels o

关 键 词：PM_(2.5)inorganic chemical compositions MORTALITY cohort study cardiorespiratory disease joint association 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程] R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]