不同地膜覆盖对甘薯产量和杂草防除效果的影响  

Effects of different plastic membrane mulching on sweetpotato yield and weed control

作　　者：陈鹏博 Chen Pengbo(Shangluo Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Shangluo 726000,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]商洛市农业科学研究所,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《江苏师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期27-30,共4页Journal of Jiangsu Normal University：Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：为防治草害,挖掘甘薯的增产潜力,以商薯19为试验材料,以无覆膜处理为对照,设置5种地膜覆盖处理,研究不同地膜覆盖对甘薯薯苗移栽死亡率和鲜薯产量的影响,并研究了不同地膜覆盖的杂草防除效果.结果发现,覆盖地膜可以极显著地降低商薯19的薯苗移栽死亡率,降低杂草量,提高鲜薯产量(P<0.01).其中,覆盖黑色地膜和三黑二白地膜提高薯苗移栽成活率的效果最佳,薯苗移栽死亡率分别低至3.14%和3.92%;覆盖银黑色地膜和黑色地膜除草效果最佳,杂草防除效果高达73.76%和73.52%;覆盖三黑二白地膜和银黑色地膜增产效果最佳,分别增产26.79%和24.39%.本研究可为新垦荒地和多草田块甘薯的高产栽培提供方法参考.To control agricultural weed and explore the yield potential of sweetpotato,Shangshu 19 is uesd as test material and no plastic membrane mulching is taken as control,and 5 plastic membrane mulching treatments are set up to explore the effects of different plastic membrane mulching on the mortality of seeding after transplanting,yield of Shangshu 19 and weed control.The results show that plastic membrane mulching can extremely significantly reduce the mortality of sweetpotato seedlings after transplanting,reduce weed levels and increase fresh sweetpotato yield(P<0.01).Among them,plastic membrane with pure black and colors closed in 3 black and 2 white demonstrate the best effect on improving the livability of sweetpotato seedlings after transplanting,with the mortality as low as 3.14%and 3.92%respectively.Plastic membrane with colors of silver and black in two sides and pure black display the best weed control effect,with the weed control ratio as high as 73.76%and 73.52%respectively.Plastic membrane with colors closed in 3 black and 2 white and that of silver and black in two sides show the best yield increasing effects,with the yield increasing by 26.79%and 24.39%respectively.This study provides a high-yield cultivation method for planting sweetpotatoes in newly reclaimed wasteland and multi-weed fields.

关 键 词：商薯19 地膜覆盖 产量 防草效果 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学] S318