“元历史”问题:海德格尔历史哲学的发端  

The Issue of"Metahistory":The Genesis of Heidegger′s Philosophy of History

作　　者：林於明 LIN Yu-ming(School of Philosophy,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期55-63,共9页Journal of Inner Mongolia University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：早期海德格尔对“元历史”(Urgeschichte)问题的探讨,是他对“此在历史”及“存在历史”之探讨的一个预演。这一探讨从与狄尔泰的解释学相遇而开始,以早期基督教的信仰生活为背景,梳理了宗教信仰生活内在所具有的现象学结构及其历史性意义。这一探讨虽然是在“宗教生活现象学”名义下进行的,但其中真正起主导作用的却是一种新的哲学方法:形式显示。并且,海德格尔这一探讨根本上所指向的既非对宗教现象所涉及历史事实的重新串联和整合,更不是为涉及宗教生活的历史编纂学寻求某种更具“科学性”的理论范型,而是要从宗教生活的历史性出发,以“形式显示”的方法进行的一种关于思想的“元历史”的追问。这一探讨包含着对信仰与思想之间的关联性的一种创见。Heidegger′s early investigation to the issue of"Metahistory"(Urgeschichte)is a rehearsal for his exploration of"History of being there"(Geschichtlichkeit)and"History of Being"(Seinsgeschichte),which begins from the encounter with Dilthey′s hermeneutics,and takes the early Christian faith life as the background to sort out the phenomenological structure and historical significance inherent in religious faith life.Although such an exploration was conducted under the name of"Phenomenology of Religious Life",the truly dominant philosophical method is the formal indication(die formale Anzeige).However,what his historical study has demonstrated is neither the reconnection and integration of historical facts involved in religious phenomena,nor the search for a so-called more"scientific"theoretical paradigm for historical compilation involving religious life,but the questioning of"Metahistory"(Urgeschichte)of thoughts in the way of"formal indication",starting from the historical nature of religious life.Heidegger′s analysis of Metahistory provides a creative insight into the correlation between faith and thought.

关 键 词：形式显示 “实际性” “元历史” 

分 类 号：B15[哲学宗教—世界哲学]