中古知、庄、章、精组声母在王稺登《诗韵辑要》中的分合及其他突出语音特征  

The Separation and Combination of the Initial Consonants of Zhi(知),Zhuang(庄),Zhang(章)and Jing(精)Groups in the Middle Ancient Times of Shi Yun Ji Yao(诗韵辑要)and Their Relevant Salient Features

作　　者：张凯 ZHANG Kai(School of Chinese Language and Literature Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an Shaanxi 710119,China;Arts Faculty of Zaozhuang University,Zaozhuang Shandong 277160,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西西安710119 [2]枣庄学院文学院,山东枣庄277160

出　　处：《语言研究》2024年第4期76-83,共8页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目“《字类标韵》的文献整理与语音比较研究”(2020M673331);山东省社会科学规划研究项目“王稺登本《诗韵辑要》的文献整理与音韵比较研究”(22CYYJ20);山东省“泰山学者工程”专项经费(NO.tsqn202306277);枣庄学院“青檀学者”人才项目经费(2019YX001);山东省哲学社会科学青年人才创新团队“山东历史文献与语言文化协同研究创新团队”(2024-QNRC-64)。

摘　　要：明代后期苏州人王稺登撰著的《诗韵辑要》虽名列“诗韵”韵书系列,但书中的语音现象却具有显著的时音特点。以中古知、庄、章、精四组声母为例,知三章组合流、知二并入庄组、章组止摄字并入精组以及章、庄、精三组声母鼎立等,此外,知三章组声母读■组音以及澄邪、日禅(船)、日泥(疑)等声母相混的语音现象具有显著的吴音特质,彰显了《诗韵辑要》在汉语语音史上尤其是吴方音史上的特殊文献价值。Shi Yun Ji Yao(诗韵辑要)written by Wang Zhi-deng(王稺登)who is a native of Suzhou(苏州)in the late Ming(明)Dynasty belongs to the Rhyme book series,but the phonological phenomena in this book has the remarkable time sound characteristics.Take the four groups of initial consonants of Zhi(知),Zhuang(庄),Zhang(章)and Jing(精)in the middle ancient times for example:Zhi(知)San group merging into Zhang(章)group;Zhi(知)Er group merging into Zhuang(庄)group;Zhi(止)She(摄)characters of Zhang(章)group merging into Jing(精)group;Zhuang(庄),Zhang(章)and Jing(精)groups standing against each other.Besides,the initial consonants of Zhi(知)San and Zhang(章)group were pronounced as“■”g roup.There are remarkable Wu(吴)dialect characteristics in the phonological phenomena of a mix of Cheng(澄)and Xie(邪),a mix of Ri(日)and Shan(禅)(Chuan,船)and a mix of Ri(日)and Ni(泥)(Yi,疑).They show the special literature value of Shiyunjiyao(诗韵辑要)in the history of Chinese phonetics,especially the history of Wu(吴)dialect phonetics.

关 键 词：《诗韵辑要》 知组 庄组 章组 精组 

分 类 号：H114[语言文字—汉语]