冲击电流试验中充电电压的估计  

Estimation of Charging Voltage in Impulse Current Test

作　　者：余龙龙 YU Longlong(Xi'an High Voltage Apparatus Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]西安高压电器研究院股份有限公司,西安710077

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2024年第5期62-71,共10页Insulators and Surge Arresters

摘　　要：冲击电流试验是高压试验的重要组成部分,广泛应用于避雷器和电涌保护器等产品的试验检测。当试品为线性负载时,某一冲击电流幅值对应的试验设备充电电压可通过理论公式进行相对精确的计算;当试品为避雷器等非线性负载时,与之对应的设备充电电压则难以确定。通常需要基于大量历史数据和长期经验累积、或反复调试方能确定合适的充电电压。为此,基于理论推导,提出了适用于避雷器/电阻片等非线性负载情况下,估算冲击电流幅值所对应试验设备充电电压的方法,并采用多种电阻片进行了验证,试验结果表明该估算方法较为准确。该方法有助于缩短调试时间,提高试验效率;对于智能化、自动化冲击电流试验设备的研制具有一定指导意义。The impulse current test is an important part of the high-voltage tests,which is widely used in the test and detection of surge arresters,surge protective devices and other products.The charging voltage of the test equipment for a certain impulse current during an impulse current test can be computed relatively accurately by theoretical formulas when the test object is a linear load;however,the determination of the charging voltage proves to be challenging when the test object is a nonlinear load,such as surge arresters.A large amount of historical data and long-term experience,or repeated attempts are always required to determine the appropriate test charging voltage.Therefore,the author proposes a method suitable for estimating the charging voltage of the test equipment during the impulse current test under nonlinear load conditions such as surge arresters and varistors based on theoretical derivation,and verifies it with a variety of resistors.The test results show that this method is relatively accurate.This method is helpful to shorten the debugging time and improve the test efficiency,which also has certain guiding significance for the development of intelligent and automatic impulse current test equipment.

关 键 词：冲击电流 充电电压 非线性负载 避雷器 自动化控制 

分 类 号：TM83[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]