2015—2022年重庆市南岸区流行性感冒流行病学特征及时空分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal anlysis results of influenza in Nan'an District of Chongqing from 2015 to 2022

作　　者：向辉 李桃 秦静 汪燕 唐小清 张洁 吴小花[1] 李勤[2,4] XIANG Hui;LI Tao;QIN Jing;WANG Yan;TANG Xiaoqing;ZHANG Jie;WU Xiaohua;LI Qin(Nan'an Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Chongqing 401336,China;On-site Epidemiology Training Program,China Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100000,China;Zigong Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Zigong 643000,Sichuan Province,China;Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400010,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市南岸区疾病预防控制中心,重庆401336 [2]中国疾控中心现场流行病学培训项目,北京100000 [3]四川省自贡市疾病预防控制中心,四川自贡643000 [4]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400010

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第10期1207-1211,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：重庆市首批公共卫生重点学科(项目编号:渝卫办发[2022]72号);重庆市南岸区首批区级重点专科(项目编号:南卫健文[2022]45号)。

摘　　要：目的描述2015—2022年重庆市南岸区流行性感冒(流感)的流行病学特征,为制定流感防控措施提供科学依据。方法描述2015—2022年南岸区流感的流行趋势及三间分布特征,采用描述流行病学、Arcgis 10.6进行空间自相关分析,检验水准ɑ=0.05。结果2015—2022年重庆市南岸区累计报告了4389例流感病例,发病率在14.68/10万~101.65/10万,呈波动状,年均发病率为56.18/10万,年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC)为35.91%(95%CI:3.61%~255.57%,P=0.031),提示每年以35.91%的率上升;报告1例死亡病例,出现2个发病高峰,分别为2019年11至12月、2022年6至7月,与重庆市流行高峰时间相近;从病原分型上看,主要为甲型流感H1N1、H3N2和乙型流感。2019年时空聚集性分析发现有明显空间聚集(Moran I指数=0.28,P<0.001);报告病例中15岁以下的病例数占总人数的77.92%(3420/4389),人群以幼托儿童(26.57%)为主。结论2015—2022年重庆市南岸区流感呈波动上升的趋势,流行高峰集中在2019年冬季(11至12月)及2022年夏季(6至7月);新冠管控措施同时可降低流感发病水平;在流感高发季节,做好“一老一小”的流感等呼吸道传染病的健康宣教及疫苗接种动员。Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Nan'an District of Chongqing from 2015 to 2022,and to provide scientific basis for formulating influenza prevention and control measures.Methods The epidemiological trend of influenza and the distribution characteristics of three intervals in Nan'an District from 2015 to 2022 were described.Descriptive epidemiology methods and Arcgis 10.6 were used for spatial autocorrelation analysis.And the test level wasα=0.05.Results From 2015 to 2022,a total of 4389 cases of influenza were reported in Nan'an District of Chongqing,with the incidence rate ranging from 14.68/10~5 to 101.65/10~5,showing a wave pattern.The annual average incidence rate was 56.18/10~5,with an annual percentage change(APC)of 35.91%(95%confidence interval CI:3.61%-255.57%,P=0.031),indicating an annual increase of 35.91%.One death case was reported.There were two peaks of onset,from November to December 2019 and from June to July 2022,which were similar to the epidemic peak time in Chongqing.From the perspective of pathogenic typing,the main types were influenza A H1N1,H3N2 and influenza B.The spatiotemporal clustering analysis found that there was a significant spatial clustering in 2019(Moran I index=0.28,P<0.001).The number of cases under the age of 15 years accounted for 77.92%(3420/4389)of the total number of reported cases,and the majority of the population were preschool children(26.57%).Conclusions From2015 to 2022,the trend of influenza in Nan'an District of Chongqing showed a fluctuating upward trend,with epidemic peaks concentrating in the winter of 2019(November-December)and the summer of 2022(June-July).COVID-19(corona virus disease 2019)management and control measures can also reduce the incidence of influenza.During the high incidence seasons of influenza,it is suggested to do a good job in health education and vaccination mobilization for respiratory infectious diseases such as“one old and one young”for influenza.

关 键 词：流行性感冒 监测 流行病学特征 南岸区 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学] R181.2[医药卫生—临床医学]