上海市浦东新区静态职业人群体力活动水平对心理健康状况的影响  

The impact of physical activity levels on the mental health status of sedentary occupational population in Pudong New Area of Shanghai

作　　者：张莉[1] 余登来 吴倩 郭蕾 黄凌 杨琛[1] 王静[1] ZHANG Li;YU Denglai;WU Qian;GUO Lei;HUANG Ling;YANG Chen;WANG Jing(Pudong New Area Center For Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200136,China;School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心,上海200136 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第10期1262-1267,1274,共7页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：浦东新区卫生健康委员会青年科技项目(项目编号:PW2018B-35)。

摘　　要：目的分析上海市浦东新区不同体力活动水平的静态职业人群的心理健康状况,为企业健康管理提供数据参考。方法2019年12月至2022年12月采用分层随机抽样选取浦东新区企业健康管理网络单位中的非生产性单位内部以坐位读写和交谈为主要劳动形式的在职职工作为研究对象,采用国际体力活动问卷、焦虑自评量表、抑郁症筛查量表和世卫组织五项心理健康量表开展问卷调查,采用SPSS 26.0软件进行偏相关分析和多元线性回归,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果634例调查对象,平均年龄为(38.68±8.63)岁,个体体力活动水平处于低水平有81人(12.8%),中等水平有325人(51.3%),高水平有228人(36.0%);112人有焦虑症状(17.7%),441人有抑郁症状(69.6%),158人身心健康状况较差(24.9%);偏相关分析显示,体力活动水平越高,抑郁得分越低(r=-0.117,P=0.003),心理健康得分越高(r=0.145,P<0.001);多元线性回归分析显示,体力活动水平升高是抑郁水平降低(b=-0.765,P<0.05)和心理健康得分较好(b=1.151,P<0.001)的保护因素。结论上海市浦东新区静态职业人群个体体力活动水平是其抑郁和心理健康的重要影响因素,提高其体力活动水平有助于缓解工作压力产生的各种心理问题。Objective To analyze the mental health status of sedentary occupational population with different physical activity levels,and to provide data reference for the health management of enterprise employees.Methods From December 2019 to December 2022,the stratified random sampling was used to select in-service employees in non-productive units of enterprise health management network units in Pudong New Area,whose main labor forms were reading,writing and talking,to conduct a questionnaire survey,which included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire,the Self-rating Anxiety Scale,the Symptom Screening Scale and the WHO five-item Mental Health Scale.SPSS 26.0 was used for partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression.P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results A total of 634 valid questionnaires were obtained,and the mean age was(38.68±8.63)years.There were 81 individuals(12.8%)with low physical activity level,325 individuals(51.3%)with medium level and 228individuals(36.0%)with high level.A total of 112 employees(17.7%)had anxiety symptoms,441employees(69.6%)had depression symptoms,and 158 employees(24.9%)had poor physical and mental health status.Partial correlation analysis showed that the higher the level of physical activity,the lower the depression score(r=-0.117,P=0.003),and the higher the mental health scores(r=0.145,P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that higher levels of physical activity were protective factors for lower levels of depression(b=-0.765,P<0.05)and better mental health scores(b=1.151,P<0.001).Conclusions The individual physical activity level of the sedentary occupational population in Pudong New Area of Shanghai was an important influencing factor of their depression and mental health.Increasing physical activity levels can help alleviate various psychological problems caused by work stress.

关 键 词：职业人群 静态 体力活动水平 焦虑 抑郁 心理健康 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]