2022年四川省4地区老年人跌倒现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of current situation and influencing factors of falls among elderly in four regions of Sichuan Province in 2022

作　　者：李泰桢 胡狄慧 邓颖[2] 王卓[2] 何君[2] 吴先萍 LI Taizhen;HU Dihui;DENG Ying;WANG Zhuo;HE Jun;WU Xianping(School of Public Health,South West Medical University,Luzhou 646000,Sichuan Province,China;Institute for Control and Prevention of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases,Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学公共卫生学院,四川泸州646000 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第10期1281-1288,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：四川省“天府万人计划”资助基金(项目编号:川人才办[2018]96号)。

摘　　要：目的了解四川省4地区老年人跌倒发生现状及影响因素,为四川省老年人制定跌倒预防及干预措施提供依据。方法采用与人口规模成比例的整群抽样方法,随机抽取四川省4地区2017名60岁以上老年人,于2022年6至9月采用面对面询问调查、自答调查问卷和现场观察3种方法,调查内容包括人口学特征、跌倒相关因素、跌倒发生情况、跌倒知识行为态度和助行辅具使用情况等。对跌倒相关影响因素进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析,检验水准为α=0.05。结果2022年四川省4地区老年人跌倒发生率为20.7%,跌倒后受伤的老年人占60.6%。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,农村(OR=1.391,95%CI:1.092~1.774)、女性(OR=1.488,95%CI:1.169~1.893)、睡眠质量不太好(OR=2.004,95%CI:1.274~3.152)及睡眠质量非常不好(OR=4.095,95%CI:2.158~7.772)、患慢性支气管炎(OR=1.460,95%CI:1.082~1.971)、患足部疾病(OR=1.609,95%CI:1.158~2.237)、使用阿片类镇痛药(OR=1.830,95%CI:1.272~2.633)、自评健康状况一般(OR=1.601,95%CI:1.200~2.137)及自评健康状况差(OR=3.060,95%CI:2.070~4.523)是老年人跌倒的危险因素(P均<0.05)。结论四川省4地区老年人跌倒发生率较高,农村、老年女性、睡眠质量差、患有慢性支气管炎和足部疾病、服用阿片类镇痛药和自评健康状况差的老年人群跌倒发生风险较高。四川省应完善老年跌倒风险评估,筛选跌倒高危人群,通过开展预防跌倒与健康睡眠宣教、加强体育锻炼、积极防治跌倒相关疾病、安全用药等方式进行预防和干预。Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of falls among elderly people in four regions of Sichuan Province,and to provide a basis for formulating fall prevention and intervention measures for elderly people in Sichuan Province.Methods A cluster sampling method in proportional to population size was used to randomly select 2017 residents over 60 years old from four regions of Sichuan Province.The investigation was performed with face-to-face inquiry survey,self-answering questionnaires and on-site observation three methods.The survey contents included demography characteristics,fall related factors,fall occurrence,fall knowledge,behavior and attitude,and the use of walking aids.The factors related to falls were analyzed by univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression,the test level wasα=0.05.Results The incidence of falls among elderly people in the four regions of Sichuan Province in 2022 was 20.7%,and 60.6%of elderly people were injured after falls.The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that rural areas(OR=1.391,95%CI:1.092-1.774),women(OR=1.488,95%CI:1.169-1.893),poor sleep quality(OR=2.004,95%CI:1.274-3.152)and very poor sleep quality(OR=4.095,95%CI:2.158-7.772),chronic bronchitis(OR=1.460,95%CI:1.082-1.971),foot diseases(OR=1.609,95%CI:1.158-2.237),opioid analgesic(OR=1.830,95%CI:1.272-2.633),average self rated health status(OR=1.601,95%CI:1.200-2.137)and very poor self rated health status(OR=3.060,95%CI:2.070-4.523)were the risk factors of falls of the elderly(all P<0.05).Conclusions The incidence of falls among elderly people in four regions of Sichuan Province is relatively high.The risks of falls among the elderly in rural areas,elderly women,poor sleep quality,chronic bronchitis and foot diseases,taking opioid Analgesic,and poor self assessed health are high.Sichuan Province should improve the risk assessment of falls among the elderly,screen high-risk groups for falls.Prevention and intervention measures should be taken by carrying out fall prevent

关 键 词：老年人 跌倒 现状 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]