监狱警察心理健康现状、困境与策略  

The Current State,Challenges,and Strategies for the Mental Health ofPrison Policemen

作　　者：贡太雷[1] 尹超业 刘宏涛 Gong Tailei;Yin Chaoye;Liu Hongtao(The Institution of Human Rights and Justice Research,The National Police University for Criminal Justice,Baoding,Hebei071000)

机构地区：[1]中央司法警官学院司法人权研究中心,河北保定071000

出　　处：《河南司法警官职业学院学报》2024年第3期8-14,共7页Journal of Henan Judicial Police Vocational College

基　　金：中央司法警官学院学术创新团队“高素质专业化警察队伍建设”的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：分析监狱警察职业倦怠、焦虑、抑郁等心理健康现状及其原因。对6个省12所监狱的人民警察以线下问卷调查方式,采用职业倦怠量表、焦虑量表、抑郁量表、工作压力量表,收集有效问卷612份,进行单因素和相关性分析,采用多元线性回归分析影响因素。调查显示,女性监狱警察相较男性抑郁程度更严重,休息情况、夜间值班安排以及体育锻炼的频率对职业倦怠感、焦虑水平、抑郁情绪及压力感受有显著影响。多重回归分析显示,工作压力和焦虑水平是监狱警察情绪衰竭程度、职业倦怠程度的主要影响因素;焦虑水平是监狱警察去个性化程度的主要影响因素,抑郁状态是监狱警察成就感的主要影响因素。因此,采取科学排班、向科技要警、心理支持和优化管理以减少焦虑和抑郁情绪,避免出现职业倦怠,尤其重视女性监狱警察心理健康状态和重点关注警龄10年以上的监狱警察。Analyzing the mental health status of prison police officers,including burnout,anxiety,and depression,and exploring the reasons behind it.Through offline questionnaire surveys with police officers from 12 prisons across 6 provinces,we collected 612 valid responses using burnout scale,anxiety scale,depression scale,and work stress scale,and conducted univariate and correlation analyses,using multiple linear regression analysis for influencing factors.The survey shows that female prison police officers experience more severe depression compared to their male counterparts.Rest conditions,night shift arrangements,and frequency of physical exercise have significant impacts on feelings of burnout,anxiety levels,depression,and stress perceptions.Significant changes were observed in various dimensions before and after 10 years of service.Multiple regression analysis indicates that work stress levels and anxiety levels are the main factors affecting emotional exhaustion among prison police officers.Anxiety levels are the primary factor influencing denationalization among prison police officers,while depressive state is the main factor affecting their sense of achievement.The study suggests adopting scientific scheduling,leveraging technology for police work,providing psychological support,and optimizing management to reduce anxiety and depression,and prevent job burnout.Special attention should be paid to the mental health of female officers and prison officers with over 10 years of service.

关 键 词：监狱警察 心理健康 职业倦怠 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：DF87[政治法律—法学]