氧化锌/Lyocell复合纤维的制备及性能  

Preparation and Properties of ZnO/Lyocell Composite Fibers

作　　者：高敏 程春祖 徐中凯 赵庆波 郭翠彬 李婷 徐纪刚 程博闻 Min Gao;Chunzu Cheng;Zhongkai Xu;Qingbo Zhao;Cuibin Guo;Ting Li;Jigang Xu;Bowen Cheng(State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology,China Textile Academy,Beijing 100025,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]中国纺织科学研究院有限公司生物源纤维制造技术国家重点实验室,北京100025 [2]天津科技大学天津市制浆造纸重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2024年第8期39-49,共11页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

摘　　要：为实现纳米氧化锌与Lyocell纤维素溶液的共混纺丝,以N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(NNMO)水溶液作为分散介质,制备了NMMO基高分散型纳米氧化锌分散液。在此基础上,进一步通过原液共混工艺及干湿法纺丝工艺制备了不同氧化锌含量的氧化锌/Lyocell复合纤维。采用旋转流变仪、纳米粒度仪、光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射仪、热重分析仪和纤维强伸度仪分别研究了纳米氧化锌的添加对Lyocell纤维素溶液的流变性能及对复合纤维结构与性能的影响。结果表明,经研磨分散后纳米氧化锌颗粒表面的Zeta电位值由-19.1 mV提升至-42 mV,与Lyocell纤维素溶液相容性较好;纳米氧化锌的添加提高了Lyocell纤维的热稳定性,当纳米氧化锌的质量分数为1%时,氧化锌/Lyocell复合纤维的初始分解温度较普通Lyocell纤维提高了26℃,断裂强度及初始模量分别提高了8.6%和10.4%;该复合纤维对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌的抗菌率均在99%以上,洗涤20次后抗菌率无变化,具备优异的抗菌性能。In order to realize the blend spinning of nano-ZnO and Lyocell cellulose solution,NMMO-based highly dispersed nano-ZnO dispersion was prepared using N-methylmorpholin-N-oxide(NNMO)aqueous solution as dispersing medium.On this basis,ZnO/Lyocell composite fibers with different ZnO contents were prepared by blending and dry-wet spinning process.The effects of nano-ZnO on rheological properties of Lyocell cellulose solution and on the structure and properties of composite fibers were studied by rotational rheometer,nanoparticle size analyzer,optical microscope,SEM,TEM,XRD,TG and tensile tester.The results show that the Zeta potential values on the surface of nano-ZnO particles are increased from-19.1 mV to-42 mV after grinding and dispersing,which have good consistency with Lyocell cellulose solution.The addition of nano-ZnO can improve the thermal stability of Lyocell fiber.When the mass fraction of nano-ZnO is 1%,the initial decomposition temperature of ZnO/Lyocell composite fiber is 26℃higher than that of pure Lyocell fiber,and the tensile strength and initial strength of composite fibers are increased by 8.6%and 10.2%,respectively.The antibacterial rate of the composite fibers against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans is above 99%,and remains unchanged after washing 20 times,which demonstrate excellent antimicrobial performance.

关 键 词：纳米氧化锌 共混纺丝 复合纤维 LYOCELL纤维 抗菌 

分 类 号：TQ342.94[化学工程—化纤工业]