埃洛石纳米管功能材料的结构调控及应用  

Structural Regulation and Application of Halloysite Nanotubes Functional Materials

作　　者：蒋潇宇 张嘉方 赵思凯 沈岩柏[1] JIANG Xiaoyu;ZHANG Jiafang;ZHAO Sikai;SHEN Yanbai(College of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2024年第10期3217-3229,共13页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52274255);中央高校基本科研业务费(N2301003,N2301025);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC2202028)。

摘　　要：在目前的国家发展形势下,传统非金属矿物的高值化利用和高性能矿物功能材料的开发对于非金属矿产业的升级和转型尤为重要。埃洛石纳米管(HNT)是一种具有天然纳米管状结构的硅铝酸盐矿物,主要用作生产陶瓷和耐火材料。本文首先介绍了HNT的基本性质、矿物学特征、产地等情况,然后基于HNT本身的结构特征和表面性质,阐述了常见的HNT结构调控和表面改性方法,并阐述了其在医药、环境及食品包装等领域的应用及进展,最后对HNT的结构调控和应用前景进行了展望。The effective utilization of conventional non-metallic minerals and the advancement of high-performance functional mineral materials are pivotal for the transformation and upgrading of non-metallic mineral industry.Halloysite nanotubes(HNT)as natural silico-aluminate minerals with a unique tubular structure have exceptional biocompatibility,robust adsorption capabilities,and distinct surface properties.These features make them ideal for a wide range of applications,including drug delivery,adsorption,catalysis and fire resistance.The hollow tubular structure of HNT has attracted interests,as its lumen of HNT can encapsulate a variety of functional substances,imparting diverse properties and functionalities to composite materials.Moreover,the differential properties between their inner and outer surfaces have ample opportunities for targeted modifications in subsequent applications.However,raw HNT suffers from several drawbacks,such as small specific surface area,uneven size distribution,and susceptibility to surface hydrogen bonding leading to aggregation.To expand their application scope and enhance performance across diverse fields,the structural and surface modifications of HNT are emerged as critical research areas.Some methods such as calcination,acid/alkaline etching,and ultrasound are reported to modulate the tubular structure of HNT.HNT undergoes the phase and crystal structural transformations during calcination.The dehydroxylation and phase segregation of HNT occur at>450℃,leading to the formation of amorphous SiO_(2) and Al2O3.The temperature of>1000℃causes the disruption of tubular structure,while HNT undergoes a transformation into mullite at 1200℃.Acid/alkaline etching modifies the tubular diameter,surface morphology,and chemical composition of HNT via etching aluminum/silicon on the tube walls.Acids preferentially attack the aluminum octahedral structures within HNT,causing aluminum ions to leach out and form amorphous silica spheres in-situ.Conversely,alkaline preferentially attacks the silic

关 键 词：埃洛石 纳米管 功能材料 结构调控 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿]