碳材料改性SiOC负极在锂离子电池中的研究进展  

Research Progress on Carbon Materials Modified SiOC Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

作　　者：张军战[1,2] 韩晴 陈红侠 石宗墨 刘永胜 雷琬莹[1] 魏剑 张颖[1] ZHANG Junzhan;HAN Qing;CHEN Hongxia;SHI Zongmo;LIU Yongsheng;LEI Wanying;WEI Jian;ZHANG Ying(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Nano Materials and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学材料科学与工程学院,西安710055 [2]陕西省纳米材料与技术重点实验室,西安710055 [3]西北工业大学材料学院,西安710072

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2024年第10期3327-3337,共11页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52202113);中国博士后科学基金(2021M702550)。

摘　　要：SiOC具有理论比容量高、机械柔性好、结构稳定和价格低等一系列优良性能,被认为是极具潜力的锂离子电池负极材料之一。然而,SiOC电导率低导致倍率性能和循环能力较差,从而制约了其在锂离子电池领域的发展与应用。纳米碳材料具有高比表面积、高机械稳定性以及优异的导电性等特点,与SiOC复合后作为负极材料可显著改善锂离子电池的电化学性能。本文综述了石墨、碳纳米管、石墨烯以及碳纳米纤维等与SiOC负极材料的复合工艺路线,探讨了基于不同碳材料的改性设计思路,以及电极微观结构与电化学性能之间的构效关系。最后,指出了SiOC/C复合负极材料存在的主要问题和发展方向,并展望了SiOC基负极材料的应用前景。Lithium-ion batteries are considered as the most promising chemical power source due to their high energy density,good safety,and environmental friendliness.As a key component of batteries,anode material plays an important role on the electrochemical performance.Graphite,Li_(4)Ti_(5)O_(12) and Si-based materials have attracted much attention as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries.Among these materials,graphite has good conductivity,small volume change,high initial coulombic efficiency,and low cost.As a conventional anode material for lithium-ion batteries,graphite is first commercially applied.However,its low theoretical capacity is the main factor restricting the development of high energy density lithium-ion batteries.Li_(4)Ti_(5)O_(12) anode material is considered to have a great development potential due to its stable structure during lithiation and delithiation processes and good safety.However,its low theoretical capacity and high cost restrict its practical application.Si has a high theoretical capacity,but it has a disadvantage of large volume expansion during lithiation and delithiation processes,resulting in the poor safety of batteries.The composite of Si and carbon materials is considered as an effective strategy for stabilizing electrodes.SiOC is considered as one of the high potential anode materials for lithium-ion batteries due to its excellent properties such as high theoretical specific capacity,good mechanical flexibility and structural stability,and facile structure regulation.However,the low conductivity of SiOC leads to its poor rate performance and cycling ability,thus restricting its development and application in the field of lithium-ion batteries.The composition of SiOC materials can be controlled through optimizing the composition,structure,and pyrolysis conditions of polymer precursors.Carbon material has high specific surface area,high mechanical stability,and excellent electrical conductivity.Composite with SiOC anode materials,the conductivity of SiOC can be improved,accelerati

关 键 词：硅氧碳 碳材料 负极 电导率 锂离子电池 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]