燕窝果在云南普洱的引种表现  

Introduction of Hylocereus megalanthus in Pu’er,Yunnan Province

作　　者：徐玉梅 王睿芳[1] 潘耕耘[1] 刘堂 罗春明 马俊雄 XU Yumei;WANG Ruifang;PAN Gengyun;LIU Tang;LUO Chunming;MA Junxiong(Pu’er University,Pu’er,Yunnan 665000,China;Pu’er Dongli Agricultural Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Pu’er,Yunnan 665000,China)

机构地区：[1]普洱学院,云南普洱665000 [2]普洱东篱农业科技有限公司,云南普洱665000

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2024年第7期58-61,共4页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：教育厅项目燕窝果引种栽培技术研究(No.2021J0522)。

摘　　要：以燕窝果嫁接苗为试验材料,开展燕窝果引种栽培试验研究,观测生长量、生物学特性、物候、果实形态特征、果实品质、抗性、初产等指标,研究燕窝果在云南普洱的引种表现。结果表明:(1)燕窝果引进到普洱种植萌芽、成枝能力强,一年四季均能萌芽、抽新稍;(2)燕窝果具有早实、丰产、稳产特性,平均单果重356.9 g,平均纵径98.76 mm,平均横径71.78 mm,果形指数为137.6%,可食率为60.85%,初产平均每667 m^(2)产量为426.7 kg,盛产平均每667 m^(2)产量1350 kg;(3)燕窝果果实中富含多种维生素、蛋白质、氨基酸、可溶性固形物、总糖、还原糖等人体所需的营养物质,可溶性固形物含量为21.1%,每百克果实中含有蛋白质1.6 g,淀粉2.3 g,还原糖8.6 g,VC 4.75 g;(4)燕窝果具有较强的抗虫害、抗旱能力。通过研究,燕窝果在云南普洱种植表现较好,能正常生长结实,产量较高,适宜在云南普洱推广种植,助力“一村一品”产业振兴。With grafted seedlings of Hylocereus megalanthus seedlings as the experimental material,experimental research on the introduction and cultivation of H.megalanthus was carried out to observe the growth amount,biological characteristics,phenology,fruit morphological characteristics,fruit quality,resistance,initial production,and other indicators,and to study the performance of H.megalanthus introduction in Pu’er,Yunnan Province.The results revealed that:(1)when H.megalanthus is introduced into the germination of Pu’er plants,its branching ability is strong,all the year round can sprout,and draw new slightly;(2)H.megalanthus has the characteristics of early fruiting,high yield,and stable yield.The average fruit weight is 356.9 g,the average longitudinal diameter is 98.76 mm,the average transverse diameter is 71.78 mm,the fruit shape index is 137.6%,the edible rate is 60.85%,the average yield per mu in early production is 426.7 kg,and the average yield per mu in rich production is 1350 kg;(3)H.megalanthus is rich in vitamins,proteins,amino acids,soluble solids,total sugars,reducing sugars and other nutrients needed by the human body.The fruit contains 21.1%soluble solids,8.7 g of total sugars,8.6 g of reducing sugars,and 4.75 g of vitamin C;(4)H.megalanthus is highly resistant to insect pests and drought resistance.Research has shown that H.megalanthus has good planting performance in Yunnan Pu’er,can grow normally,and has a high yield,which is suitable for promoting the cultivation of planting in Yunnan Pu’er and helping revitalize the One Village and One Product Industry.

关 键 词：燕窝果 引种 普洱 引种表现 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]