不同土地利用方式下文昌滨海贝屑沙土磷素组成与淋溶特性  

Phosphorus Composition and Leaching Characteristics of Sandy Soil Riched by Coastal Shell Debris in Wenchang under Different Land Uses

作　　者：付登强[1,2] 刘小玉 FU Dengqiang;LIU Xiaoyu(Coconut Research Institute,CATAS,Wenchang,Hainan 571339,China;National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biological Breeding,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所,海南文昌571339 [2]热带作物生物育种全国重点实验室,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2024年第7期109-114,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：海南省基础与应用基础研究计划高层次人才项目(No.2019RC338)。

摘　　要：土壤磷素(P)是作物必需的营养元素之一,也是农业生产中重要的养分限制因子,还是水体富营养化的重要污染源。以文昌滨海贝屑沙土为研究对象,应用石灰性土壤无机磷分级方法研究其形态组成,采用淋洗法评价其磷淋溶特性。试验结果表明:文昌滨海贝屑沙土磷素形态组成以Ca10-P(45.78%)为主,O-P(26.67%)与Ca8-P(11.27%)次之,Ca_(2)-P(2.97%)、Al-P(4.70%)和Fe-P(8.60%)的含量较少;耕地土壤Ca_(2)-P(28.35 mg/kg)和Ca8-P(93.74 mg/kg)含量显著高于林地土壤的Ca_(2)-P(3.95 mg/kg)和Ca8-P(42.31 mg/kg)含量;瓜菜和叶菜地土壤Ca_(2)-P和Ca8-P含量显著高于其他植被类型土壤的含量;土壤平均磷淋失量为2.92 mg/kg,占土壤总磷量的0.32%,占土壤有效磷(Olsen-P)含量的10.26%,Olsen-P淋溶阈值为51.13 mg/kg。Soil phosphorus is an essential nutrient for crops,a vital nutrient-limiting factor in agricultural production,and a crucial pollution source for the eutrophication of water bodies.In this study,Wenchang coastal shell debris-rich sandy soil was used as the research object.The inorganic phosphorus classification method proposed by Jiang Baifan and Gu Yichu was applied to study the phosphorus composition.The leaching method was used to evaluate the phosphorus leaching characteristics of the samples.The results revealed that the P in Wenchang coastal shell debris-rich sandy soil was mainly composed of Ca10-P(45.78%),followed by O-P(26.67%)and Ca8-P(11.27%),and the contents of Ca_(2)-P(2.97%),Al-P(4.70%),and Fe-P(8.60%)were relatively low.The contents of Ca_(2)-P(28.35 mg·kg-1)and Ca8-P(93.74 mg·kg-1)in cultivated soil were significantly higher than those in forest soil Ca_(2)-P(3.95 mg·kg-1)and Ca8-P(42.31 mg·kg-1).The contents of Ca_(2)-P and Ca8-P in the soils of melon and leafy vegetable fields were significantly higher than that of other vegetation types of soil.The average phosphorus leaching loss in the soil is 2.92 mg·kg-1,accounting for 0.32%of the total phosphorus content and 10.26%of the available phosphorus(Olsen-P)content in the soil.The Olsen-P leaching threshold is 51.13 mg·kg-1.

关 键 词：滨海贝屑沙土 磷 形态组成 淋溶阈值 

分 类 号：S151[农业科学—土壤学] S153[农业科学—农业基础科学]