唯物史观社会制度历史演变基本规律非机械性再释  

A Non Mechanical Interpretation of the Basic Laws of the Historical Evolution Of the Social System in Historical Materialism

作　　者：李济广[1] LI Ji-guang(School of Economics,Jiangsu University of Technology,Changzhou 213001)

机构地区：[1]江苏理工学院经济学院,江苏常州213001

出　　处：《阴山学刊》2024年第5期32-42,共11页Yinshan Academic Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“建党100年来马克思主义信仰教育的发展历程与经验研究”(21BKS088)。

摘　　要：马克思恩格斯认为,在历史进程中,“生产力(生产要素→生产能力)→技术生产方式(工艺方法→生产组织)→社会生产方式(经济运行方式→产权制度)→生产关系(形式生产关系→实质生产关系)→上层建筑”是一个多环节的递进关系,各环节都有反向作用力。由于诸多非生产力因素的作用,尤其是存在效率认识的分歧、利益博弈的斗争和价值评价的对立,上述链条各环节并非机械决定而是存在着非同步、非对应的多元关系。社会经济形态存在着适应生产力及技术生产方式的总体演变趋势,上层建筑存在着适应生产力和社会生产方式的总体演变趋势,但生产力对生产方式、经济制度和生产关系没有简单的直接决定的普遍必然性,上层建筑与社会生产方式、经济基础也经常不一致。辩证的而不是机械的历史唯物论有助于科学认识世界与中国经济制度的现状与未来。Marx and Engels believed that,in the historical process,“productive forces(production factors→production capacity)→technological modes of production(process methods→production organization)→social modes of production(economic operation mode-property rights system)→production relations(formal production relations→substantive production relations)→superstructure”is a progressive relationship with multiple links,and there are opposing forces in each link.Due to the influence of many non-productive factors,especially the differences in efficiency understanding,conflicts in interest games,and opposition in value evaluation,each links of the above chain are not mechanically determined but there are some non-synchronous and non-corresponding relationships.In the long term,the social economic formation has the overall evolution trend of adapting to the productive forces and technological production modes,the superstructure has the overall evolution trend of adapting to the productive forces and social modes of production.However,there is not a universal inevitability that productive forces directly determine production modes,economic systems and production relations,the superstructure is often inconsistent with social production modes and economic foundations.Dialectical rather than mechanical historical materialism helps to scientifically understand the present situation and future of the world and China’s economic system.

关 键 词：生产力 生产方式 基本经济制度 生产关系 唯物史观 社会制度 历史演变 基本规律 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] B03