基于高通量测序的DNA损伤及修复检测技术研究进展  

Advances in high throughput sequencing methods for DNA damage and repair

作　　者：梁羽 吴薇 Yu Liang;Wei Wu(Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology,Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心/生物化学与细胞生物学研究所,多细胞体系结构与功能重点实验室,上海200031

出　　处：《遗传》2024年第10期779-794,共16页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:32370575)。

摘　　要：近十几年来,随着高通量测序技术的不断发展,越来越多针对不同类型DNA损伤的测序检测方法被开发并应用于相关研究。这些技术的发展不仅帮助解析不同损伤类型对应修复途径的动态调控过程,揭示关键作用因子及功能,发现新脆性热点,更极大促进了人们对于诸如减数分裂同源重组、抗体生成、胞嘧啶去甲基化等重要生命过程的理解,并有望在疾病起始机制的剖析和肿瘤药物开发中有更广大的应用前景。然而,如何理解和选择合适的实验技术成为了一个亟待解决的问题。本文综述了几类常见DNA损伤类型的主要测序检测方法,介绍了其基本原理和应用场景,期望能够为这些技术的选择、应用和进一步开发优化提供参考。With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology in the past decade,an increasing number of sequencing methods targeting different types of DNA damage have been developed and widely used in the field.These technologies not only help to elucidate the dynamic processes of repair pathways corresponding to different types of lesions,understand the underlying mechanisms of key factors and identify new hotspots prone to damage,but also greatly advanced our knowledge of crucial physiological processes such as meiotic homologous recombination,antibody generation and cytosine demethylation.These advancements hold significant potential for broader applications in exploring disease initiation and drug development.However,understanding and selecting the appropriate techniques have become difficult.This article reviews the main sequencing detection methods for the most common DNA lesions and introduce their principles,thereby providing valuable insights for the selection,application,further development and optimization of these technologies.

关 键 词：DNA损伤 高通量测序 基因组不稳定 

分 类 号：Q811.4[生物学—生物工程]