双重动态交联vitrimer树脂中电树枝劣化及局部放电与降解回收特性  

Growth and Partial Discharge Characteristics of Electrical Treeing in Double Dynamic Cross-linked Vitrimer Resin and Its Degradation

作　　者：刘贺晨[1] 孙章林 魏利伟 刘畅[1] 刘云鹏 周松松 刘杰 LIU Hechen;SUN Zhanglin;WEI Liwei;LIU Chang;LIU Yunpeng;ZHOU Songsong;LIU Jie(Hebei Key Laboratory of Green and Efficient New Electrical Materials and Equipment(North China Electric Power University),Baoding 071003,Hebei Province,China;State Key Laboratory of New Energy Power Systems(North China Electric Power University),Changping District,Beijing 102206,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Haidian District,Beijing 100192,China;Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hebei Electric Power Supply Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang 050021,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省绿色高效电工新材料与设备重点实验室(华北电力大学),河北省保定市071003 [2]新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市昌平区102206 [3]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京市海淀区100192 [4]国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,河北省石家庄市050021

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2024年第19期7852-7862,I0031,共12页PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52377025)。

摘　　要：构建动态可逆交联网络是实现树脂类电工材料环保化的重要手段。该文基于动态交换反应理论,在传统环氧/酸酐树脂体系中引入酯交换促进剂三乙醇胺和动态二硫键,制备具有双重动态交联的类玻璃化环氧树脂(vitrimer),并采用针板电极模型研究不同二硫键含量下该树脂体系的电树枝引发与生长及局部放电特性,利用分形维数定量描述不同树脂体系中电树枝形态特征,利用表面电位衰减测试和交联结构的量子化学计算分析不同二硫键含量的vitrimer陷阱特性和电子轨道分布特征。结果表明:随着树脂体系中二硫键的增多,树脂陷阱能级提高,电子轨道能级减小,树脂电树引发电压略有降低,电树生长速度加快且电树形态分形维数降低。最后,通过模拟绕组浇注器件降解回收实验研究树脂动态交换与降解特性。研究发现,双重动态交联网络赋予树脂优异的动态特性,实现内部高价值材料的高效无损回收,可为电工材料的环保化及退役设备的回收处理提供新的思路和选择。Constructing a dynamic reversible crosslink network of resin-based electrical materials is an important means to achieve environmental protection.Based on the theory of dynamic exchange reaction,this article introduces a transesterification accelerator,triethanolamine,and dynamic disulfide bonds into the traditional epoxy/anhydride resin system to construct a vitrimer with dual dynamic crosslinking.The pin-plate electrode model is used to study the effects of different disulfide bond contents of the resin system on their characteristics of initiation and growth of electrical tree,as well as partial discharge.Meanwhile,fractal dimensions are used to quantitatively describe the morphological characteristics of electrical treeing in different resin systems.The trap properties of vitrimers with different disulfide bond contents and their electronic orbital distribution characteristics are analyzed using surface potential decay tests and quantum chemical calculations of crosslinked structures.Results indicate that as the number of disulfide bonds in the resin system increases,the trap energy level of the resin rises;the electronic orbital energy level decreases;the initiation voltage of the electric tree shows a slight decline;and both the growth rate of the electrical tree and its fractal dimension decrease.Subsequently,through simulation of the degradation recovery experiments for wound impregnated devices,the dynamic exchange and degradation characteristics of the resin are investigated.The study reveals that the dual dynamic crosslinked network endows the resin with excellent dynamic properties,achieving efficient and non-destructive recovery of high-value internal materials.This provides novel perspectives and options for the environmental sustainability of electrical engineering materials and the recycling of decommissioned equipment.

关 键 词：类玻璃高分子 电树枝 局部放电 陷阱能级 量子化学计算 降解回收 

分 类 号：TM215.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]