基于RPM和SPM的辐射探测技术在危险品伪瞒报检测中的应用  

Application of Radiation Detection Technology in Detecting False and Concealed Declaration of Radioactive Hazardous Materials Containing Radionuclides

作　　者：战俭 侯永明 缪利 李永[3] 闵伟锋 史建峰 ZHAN Jian;HOU Yongming;MIAO Li;LI Yong;MIN Weifeng;SHI Jianfeng(Chinese Academy of Customs Administration,China Customs Radiation Detection Training Center,Qinhuangdao,China,066000;Ningbo Customs,Ningbo,China,315012;China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing,102413;Shanghai Customs,Shanghai,200002)

机构地区：[1]中国海关管理干部学院,中国海关辐射探测培训中心,秦皇岛066000 [2]宁波海关,宁波315012 [3]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [4]上海海关,上海200002

出　　处：《核电子学与探测技术》2024年第5期806-814,共9页Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology

基　　金：国际原子能机构全球协调研究项目(Coordinated Research Project,CRP):"Develop Advanced Techniques for Trad Verification and Anomaly Detection Using Data Generated from Radiation Detection System"(J02015)。

摘　　要：以海关监管查发硝酸钾、烟花爆竹伪瞒报进出口走私为例,讨论了基于RPM和SPM设备的辐射探测技术及其在检测具有放射性属性危险品中的应用。研究结果表明,基于RPM和SPM检测的硝酸钾与烟花爆竹的辐射计数率特征与申报货物的辐射特征不一致,以此可以判断存在伪瞒报嫌疑。设备对硝酸钾的活度响应可以超过RPM和SPM设备报警阈值,最大净计数率增加为216.4%,并且SPM设备可以在短时间内正确识别出核素40K。烟花爆竹中鞭炮药放射性相对较低,四批查发货物中,最大净计数率增加为19.9%,可以触发RPM设备高报警阈值,但SPM设备无法在短时间内识别出核素。通过合理设置设备报警阈值,辐射探测技术可以作为有效的技术手段,应用于海关打击危险品伪瞒报走私。Taking customs seizures of false and concealed declaration of potassium nitrate and fireworks smuggling as example,The radiation detection technology based on RPM and SPM equipment and its application in detecting hazardous materials with radioactive properties is discussed.The research results indicate that the radiation counting rate characteristics of potassium nitrate and fireworks based on RPM and SPM detection are inconsistent with the radiation characteristics of declared goods,which can be used to determine the suspicion of false reporting.The radioactivity of potassium nitrate can far exceed the alarm thresholds of RPM and SPM,with a maximum net counting rate increase of 216.4%,and the SPM can correctly identify 40k in a short period of time.The radioactivity of fireworks and firecrackers is relatively low.Among the four batches of goods,the maximum net counting rate increased to 19.9%,which can trigger the highest alarm threshold for RPM,but the SPM cannot identify radioactive nuclides in a short period of time.By setting reasonable alarm thresholds for equipment,radiation detection technology can serve as an effective technical method and be applied in customs to combat the smuggling of dangerous goods with false or concealed declaration.

关 键 词：危险品 硝酸钾 烟花爆竹 辐射探测 

分 类 号：TL81[核科学技术—核技术及应用]