一种液体闪烁体探测器的结构优化  

Structural Optimization of Self-developed Liquid Scintillator Detectors

作　　者：金宝亮 马麟 张少东 张小东 JIN Baoliang;MA Lin;ZHANG Shaodong;ZHANG Xiaodong(School of Nuclear Science and Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Safety,Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy&Safety,College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学核科学与工程学院,北京102206 [2]深圳市核与辐射安全重点实验室,深圳518060 [3]中国核能与安全高等研究院,深圳518060 [4]深圳大学物理与光电工程学院,深圳518060

出　　处：《核电子学与探测技术》2024年第5期891-896,共6页Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology

摘　　要：本文详述了自主研发的一种新型液体闪烁体探测器。该探测器的灵敏体积由一个圆柱体和一个圆台拼接而成,因此使得最大直径为3 in的液体闪烁体可以通过圆台能够与1.5 in光电倍增管进行直接对接,无需额外光导。为了选取圆台的最佳倾斜角度,首先利用Geant4模拟软件对不同圆台倾斜角度的探测器光收集效率进行模拟,然后制作角度分别为30°、45°和60°的探测器进行最佳角度的实验验证。实验首先使用22Na和60Coγ源对探测器进行能量刻度并进行光收集效率对比,在误差范围内实验测得的光收集效率随角度的变化规律与模拟结果基本一致,即随着斜面角度的增大,光的收集效率逐渐增高,并且随着角度增大光收集效率的增加越来越快。然后使用252Cf中子源对其中子γ甄别性能进行测试,并基于电荷比较法计算出相同能量阈值下的FOM(Figure of Merit)值,计算结果表明,随着液闪探测器光收集效率的提升,其中子γ甄别性能也得到增强。This article describes a newly developed liquid scintillator detector.The sensitive volume of the detector is composed of a cylinder and a cone joined together,allowing direct coupling of a liquid scintllator with a maximum diameter of 3 inches to a 1.5 in photomultiplier tube(PMT)through the cone without the need for additional light guides.To determine the optimal tilt angle of the cone,simulations were initially conducted to assess the light collection efficiency of detectors with different cone tilt angles.Subsequently,detectors with tilt angles of 30°,45°,and 60°were fabricated for experimental validation of the optimal angle.The experiment began with energy calibration of the detectors using 2"Na and°0Co gamma sources,followed by a comparison of the light collection efficiency.The observed trend of light collection efficiency changing with the angle closely matched the simulation results,indicating a gradual increase in light collection efficiency with the increase in tilt angle.Subsequent testing of neutron-gamma discrimination performance using a 252f neutron source revealed an enhancement in discrimination performance as the light collection efficiency of the liquid scintillator detector increased.This was further confirmed by calculating the Figure of Merit(FOM)values based on the charge comparison method under the same energy threshold.

关 键 词：液体闪烁体探测器 n/γ甄别 结构优化 

分 类 号：TL334[核科学技术—核技术及应用]