作为一种政治认识论的当代资本主义批判理论  

Critical Theory of Contemporary Capitalism as a Political Epistemology

作　　者：郇庆治[1] 赵方 HUAN Qing-zhi;ZHAO Fang

机构地区：[1]北京大学马克思主义学院,北京100871

出　　处：《求是学刊》2024年第5期89-102,共14页Seeking Truth

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项项目“习近平生态文明思想国际传播媒介、路径、机制及其经验研究”(2022JZDZ011)。

摘　　要：资本主义批判理论在当代中国学界是一种源自马克思的批判概念与方法,并经由以法兰克福学派为代表的批判理论的自觉构建,而逐渐形成的对资本主义社会及其制度的系统性批判分析,尤其是当代国外(欧美)马克思主义学者或左翼学者的学术理论成果。鉴于中国特色社会主义建设及全面建设社会主义现代化国家的整体背景语境,这一批判理论研究在当代中国社会至少承担着三个方面的“政治认识论功能(价值)”:科学认知、正确价值立场、大众社会政治动员。然而,以生物资本主义批判理论、数字(平台)资本主义批判理论和生态资本主义批判理论为例的分析表明,当代中国学界的“资本主义批判理论”呈现出议题或论域“碎片化”的突出表征,因而难以充分发挥其政治认识论功能。更好发挥它的政治认识论功能的关键之处在于提升这一理论研究的中国相关性:一是彰显或阐明“世界百年未有之大变局”的社会主义意涵;二是自觉构建当代资本主义批判理论的中国自主知识体系。The critical theory of capitalism in contemporary Chinese academia is a systematic critical analysis of capitalist society and its system that originates from the critical concepts and methods of Marx and is gradually formed through the conscious construction of critical theory represented by the Frankfurt School,especially the academic and theoretical achievements of contemporary foreign(European and American) Marxist scholars or left-wing scholars.Given the overall context of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and a modern socialist country in all respects,this critical theoretical research has assumed at least the following three “political epistemological functions(values)” in contemporary Chinese society,which are scientific cognition,correct value stance,and mass socio-political mobilization.However,analyses of critical theories of bio-capitalism,digital(platform) capitalism and eco-capitalism,show that “critical theories of capitalism” in contemporary Chinese academia are characterised by “fragmentation” of issues or fields,making it difficult to give full play to their “political epistemological functions”.It is difficult to give full play to its political epistemological function.The key to better fulfil its political epistemological function is to enhance the Chinese relevance of this theoretical research:firstly,to highlight or clarify the socialist connotation of the ‘great change that the world has not seen in a century';secondly,to consciously construct a Chinese autonomous knowledge system of the critical theory of contemporary capitalism.

关 键 词：当代资本主义批判理论 政治认识论 议题碎片化 国外马克思主义研究 中国自主知识体系 

分 类 号：B089.1[哲学宗教—哲学理论] D0[政治法律—政治学] D033.3