酶联免疫吸附测定法和实时荧光定量PCR法对乙型肝炎的诊断价值比较  

Comparison of the diagnostic value of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR for hepatitis B

作　　者：张子夏 张燕红 ZHANG Zi-xia;ZHANG Yan-hong(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Hui'an County Hospital,Quanzhou 362100,China)

机构地区：[1]惠安县医院检验科,362100

出　　处：《中国现代药物应用》2024年第19期58-60,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application

摘　　要：目的比较酶联免疫吸附测定法和实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)法在乙型肝炎诊断中的应用价值。方法选取120例疑似乙型肝炎患者作为本次研究对象,分别进行酶联免疫吸附测定法以及实时荧光定量PCR法检验。以病理检查为金标准,分析酶联免疫吸附测定法和实时荧光定量PCR法的检查结果,对比两种检查方法的诊断效能,包括特异度、灵敏度以及准确度。结果120例疑似患者经病理检查确诊75例为乙型肝炎。酶联免疫吸附测定法检出阳性74例,阴性46例;实时荧光定量PCR法检出阳性75例,阴性45例。实时荧光定量PCR法检测乙型肝炎的特异度、灵敏度以及准确度分别为93.33%、96.00%、95.00%,均明显高于酶联免疫吸附测定法的73.33%、82.67%、79.17%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.4800、6.9963、13.3724,P<0.05)。结论采用实时荧光定量PCR法进行乙型肝炎的检测具有较高的准确率,可以为医生诊断和治疗方案的制定及调整提供良好的依据。Objective To compared the diagnostic value of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)for hepatitis B.Methods A total of 120 patients with suspected hepatitis B were selected as the subjects of this study,and were examined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR respectively.Using pathological examination as the gold standard,the results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR were analyzed,and the diagnostic efficacy of the two methods was compared,including specificity,sensitivity and accuracy.Results 75 of the 120 suspected patients were confirmed as hepatitis B by pathological examination.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected 74 positive cases and 46 negative cases,while real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detected 75 positive cases and 45 negative cases.The specificity,sensitivity and accuracy of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR for detecting hepatitis B were 93.33%,96.00%and 95.00%,which were significantly higher than 73.33%,82.67%and 79.17%of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.4800,6.9963,13.3724;P<0.05).Conclusion Real-time fluorescence PCR detection of hepatitis B patients has a high accuracy,and can provide a good basis for doctors to make diagnosis and treatment plan and adjustment.

关 键 词：实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应 乙型肝炎 酶联免疫吸附测定法 诊断效能 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学] R512.62[医药卫生—临床医学]