现代汉语动词性零句的对言足句机制研究——提取和激活模型视角  

The Dui-speech Sentence-completing Mechanism of Verbal Minor Sentences in Contemporary Chinese:The Perspective of Access and Activation Model

作　　者：沈艳萍[1] SHEN Yanping(the School of Foreign Languages and Literature,Yunnan Normal Universit)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《当代语言学》2024年第5期742-758,共17页Contemporary Linguistics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中缅边境跨境民族语言认同与语言教育研究”(18BMZ019)资助。

摘　　要：在提取和激活模型观照下,汉语动词性零句的对言足句现象可以得到很好的解释。研究表明,动词性零句具有“无对不零句”的足句特征,在概念层面表现为“无对不视窗”的概念化过程,体现了汉语句子以“概念对”为基础的动态加工模式。这种概念化模式以单言动词性零句内部的概念叠加为基础,在对言格式的触发作用下,通过共同激活和扩散激活两种操作在两个动词性零句之间建立认知关联,进而实现概念协作。本文为动词性零句的对言用法提供认知加工层面的解释路径,是“对言语法”的细化研究,可为其他对言足句现象提供研究思路,为我们进一步认识汉语句子的构成机制提供新的视角。As one of the two major types of minor sentences,verbal minor sentences(VMSs)refer to verbal expressions occurring alone in discourse with relative self-contained meaning and accordingly achieving speakers'communicative goals.Compared with nominal expressions,VMSs are widely used and characterized by their greater flexibility and complexity,whereby syntactic peculiarity is revealed.However,previous studies on VMSs,mainly scattered in that on minor sentences as a whole or just focusing on regularities of the so-called zero-subject from the Indo-European grammatical point of view,has far from being adequate in either description or explanation.As such,the present study is to address the following two questions:1)how are VMSs characterized by sentence completion?2)why can a verbal expression be a relatively complete clause?The present study asserts that VMSs are characterized grammatically as"no minor sentences beyond dui-speech format",and dui-speech format is found to function as the essential sentence-completing condition for VMSs,fulfilling the sentence-completing function by way of achieving maximal conceptual efficiency and information sufficiency。These properties are conspicuously shown in the following two aspects:1)independent VMSs are found to be completed by implicit dui-speech format,while dependent VMSs are used in three forms of explicit dui-speech format,namely dialogues,flowing dui-speech clauses,and figurative dui-speech.The major semantic relation between the two-component clauses in dui-speech format is in an initiation-continuation pattern,entailing such patterns as question-answer,opening-responding,and topic-comment;2)complexity of dui-speech VMSs is closely related to the implicitness(or explicitness)of dui-speech format.Specifically,simple VMSs(including one-word VMSs)are mainly used in external duispeech format,whereas complicated VMSs tend to be used in internal dui-speech format,the former with lower degree of independency and the latter with higher degree.Under the framework of access-a

关 键 词：动词性零句 对言足句 提取和激活 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]