电镀法在30CrMnSiA表面制备Zn-Ni耐蚀镀层研究进展  

Research Progress of Zn-Ni Corrosion Resistant Coating Prepared by Electro⁃plating on 30CrMnSiA Surface

作　　者：庄治平 刘皓 靳磊 于庆河 林岳宾 Zhuang Zhiping;Liu Hao;Jin Lei;Yu Qinghe;Lin Yuebin(School of Chemical Engineering,Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huaian 223003,China;National Engi-neering Research Center of Nonferrous Metals Materials and Products for New Energy,China GRINM Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China;GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101407,China;Science and Technology on Power Beam Process Laboratory,Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Surface Engineering,AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute,Beijing,100024,China)

机构地区：[1]淮阴工学院机械与材料工程学院,江苏淮安223003 [2]中国有研科技集团有限公司国家有色金属新能源材料与制品工程技术研究中心,北京100088 [3]有研工程技术研究院有限公司,北京101407 [4]中国航空制造技术研究院高能束流加工技术国家级重点实验室,先进表面技术航空科技重点实验室,北京100024

出　　处：《稀有金属》2024年第8期1191-1199,共9页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB4000301)资助。

摘　　要：航空高强度结构钢30CrMnSiA具有极强的氢脆敏感性,并且在服役过程中由于长期处于雨林潮湿环境下,结构钢表面镀层损坏更快,加速腐蚀更加严重。因此在实际工程中,要求高强度结构钢能满足长时间处于海洋潮湿环境的要求,以此减少腐蚀带来的损失。传统Cd镀层虽然具有很好的防腐性能,尤其是是海洋环境下,抗腐蚀能力更好,但Cd有剧毒会对人体和环境造成危害,不符合国家环境保护的原则;而Zn镀层在一般工业大气环境下耐蚀性能优异,氢脆敏感性低,但不适合在海洋环境下,耐蚀性能很差。纵观各种电镀技术,Zn-Ni镀层因抗腐蚀能力强,不易发生氢脆而备受关注,是目前最有潜力替代传统镀Cd的技术之一。从电镀Zn-Ni合金工艺、 Zn-Ni合金共沉积机制、 ZnNi合金镀层耐蚀机制3方面对电镀Zn-Ni合金技术进行展开论述并对未来做出展望。Aviation high strength structural steel 30CrMnSiA has strong hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity because of its strong mechanical properties.In the service process,the surface coating of structural steel is damaged faster and accelerated corrosion is more serious due to long-term exposure to rain forest humidity.Therefore,in practical engineering,high strength structural steel is required to meet the requirements of long time in the Marine humid environment,so as to reduce the loss caused by corrosion.Although the traditional Cd plating technology has excellent corrosion resistance,especially in the marine environment corrosion resistance is more excellent,but Cd is highly toxic will cause harm to the human body and the environment,and does not conform to the principle of national environmental protection.Zn plating technology has excellent corrosion resistance and low hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity in general industrial atmosphere,but it is not suitable for Marine environment and has poor corrosion resistance.Zn-Ni alloy coating is the rise of a kind of important protective coating for steel materials,general nickel content is below 20%,this kind of alloy coating corrosion resistance not only 7~10 times higher than galvanized layer,and have a good painting,weldability and formability,and therefore is widely used in automobile,aviation,light industry,household appliances,such as steel protective.In addition,Zn-Ni alloy also has the advantage of low hydrogen embrittlement,can be used as a substitute for cadmium coating in the aviation industry,is currently one of the most potential to replace the traditional Cd plating technology.Zn-Ni alloy electroplating is mainly divided into two systems:acidic Zn-Ni alloy electroplating and alkaline Zn-Ni alloy electroplating.Among them,acid electrogalvanizing nickel alloy was studied earlier,mainly including sulfate system and chloride system,technology is relatively mature,with high current efficiency,rapid deposition rate,high brightness,but its bath dispersion ability i

关 键 词：航空 电镀 ZN-NI合金 酸性电镀 碱性电镀 

分 类 号：TQ153[化学工程—电化学工业]