化肥减量配施有机肥对木薯生长及根际土壤细菌菌群的影响  

Effect of Reduced Chemical Fertilizer Combined with Organic Fertilizer on the Growth of Cassava and the Bacterial Community in the Rhizosphere Soil

作　　者：韦卓文 刘沁雲 欧文军 魏云霞[1] 喻珊 陆小静[1] 蔡杰 WEI Zhuowen;LIU Qinyun;OU Wenjun;WEI Yunxia;YU Shan;LU Xiaojing;CAI Jie(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization of Cassava,Ministry of Agriculture&Rural Affairs,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Sanya Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Sanya,Hainan 572024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/农业农村部木薯种质资源保护与利用重点实验室,海南海口571101 [2]中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院,海南三亚572024

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2024年第10期2097-2106,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金面上项目(No.322MS135);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-11-HNOWJ)。

摘　　要：为了研究化肥减量配施有机肥对木薯根际土壤细菌多样性和群落结构及产量的影响,采用Illumina Nova 6000测序平台,对未施肥(CK)、有机肥(T_(1))、常规施肥+有机肥(T_(2))和化肥减施+有机肥(T_(3))等施肥方式处理下的华南12号木薯根际土壤进行16S rRNA高通量测序分析。结果表明,与CK相比,T_(3)处理不仅能显著增加木薯株高和茎粗,还能提高木薯产量。在相似水平为97%下聚类分析得到木薯根际土壤OTUs,分别为3603个(CK)、1688个(T_(1))、1276个(T_(2))和3317个(T_(3))。不同施肥方式改变土壤细菌的多样性和丰度,其物种多样性由高到低依次为:CK>T_(3)>T_(1)>T_(2)。基于土壤细菌群落的PCoA和聚类分析,CK和T_(3)细菌群落结构组成较为相似,T_(1)与T_(2)细菌群落结构组成相似。不同施肥处理下木薯根际土壤中优势菌门为变形菌门、拟杆菌门、酸杆菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门和绿弯菌门。化肥减施配施有机肥增加了变形菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门的相对丰度,降低了厚壁菌门和绿弯菌门的相对丰度。冗余性分析结果表明速效钾是影响木薯根际土壤菌群的主要效应因子。研究表明,化肥减量配施有机肥不仅能增加木薯的产量,还能改变木薯根际土壤细菌群落结构和多样性,为发展绿色、高效、可持续的木薯产业提供坚实的理论支撑。The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis was conducted on the rhizosphere soil of Cassava South China No.12 under treatment without fertilization(CK),organic fertilizer(T_(1)),conventional fertilization applied with organic fertilizer(T_(2)),and reduced chemical fertilizer applied with organic fertilizer(T_(3))by using the Illumina Nova 6000 sequencing platform to study the effects of chemical fertilizer application combined with organic fertilizer on the growth of cassava and the bacterial diversity and community structure in cassava rhizospheric soil.T_(3) not only significantly increased the height and stem thickness of cassava,but also improved the yield of cassava,compared to CK.Cluster analysis was performed on the sequences based on 97%similarity,the OTUs numbers of CK,T_(1),T_(2) and T_(3) are 3603,1688,1276 and 3317 respectively.Different fertilization methods altered the diversity and richness of soil bacteria,with the species diversity ranked from highest to lowest as CK>T_(3)>T_(1)>T_(2).Based on PCoA and cluster analysis,the community composition of CK and T_(3) was similar,the community composition of T_(1) and T_(2) was similar.The dominant phylum in cassava rhizospheric soil under different fertilization treatments were Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Acidobacteria,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria increased under T_(3) treatment,while the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Chloroflexi decreased.Redundancy analysis results indicated that available potassium was the main factor affecting the bacterial community in the cassava rhizosphere soil.In summary,the study demonstrates that reduced chemical fertilizer application combined with organic fertilizer not only increases the yield of cassava,but also changes the community structure and diversity of the bacterial in the rhizosphere soil.The results would provide a solid theoretical foundation for the development of a green,efficient,and sustainable cassava indus

关 键 词：木薯 化肥减量 有机肥 根际土壤 细菌多样性 菌群结构 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学] S154.3