火龙果溃疡病对果皮组织微生物群落特征的影响  

Effects of Pitaya Canker Disease on Peel Microbial Community

作　　者：姚姿婷 梁洲勇 赵燕灵 韦小妹 赵渊 邹承武[2] 朱桂宁[1] YAO Ziting;LIANG Zhouyong;ZHAO Yanling;WEI Xiaomei;ZHAO Yuan;ZOU Chengwu;ZHU Guining(Institute of Plant Protection,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pest,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;College of Agriculture,Guangxi University/National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China;Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室,广西南宁530007 [2]广西大学农学院/植物科学国家级实验教学示范中心,广西南宁530004 [3]广西亚热带作物研究所,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2024年第10期2149-2161,共13页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(No.2023GXNSFAA026271);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2023YM05,桂农科2023YT063)。

摘　　要：水果果皮组织的微生物群落有助于提高水果品质和抗病性,但关于火龙果果皮内生微生物的群落结构和多样性的研究报道比较缺乏。本研究采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分析火龙果健康幼果与溃疡病发生初期的罹病果果皮组织内生微生物群落组成及多样性,并预测其群落功能,以了解溃疡病发生初期火龙果果皮内生微生物群落特征。结果表明:在火龙果青果期,健康果和罹病果果皮之间的内生细菌和真菌群落多样性和群落结构差异不显著。健康果果皮的内生微生物中,优势细菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、异球菌门(Deinococcota)、脱硫杆菌门(Desulfobacterota)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi),优势真菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、真菌未鉴定门(unclassified_k__Fungi)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和毛霉门(Mucoromycota)。溃疡病发生初期,变形菌门、放线菌门和异球菌门的细菌和子囊菌门的真菌的平均相对丰度显著下降,脱硫杆菌门的细菌和真菌未鉴定门的真菌的平均相对丰度显著上升。随着菌群比例变化,罹病果皮内生细菌的化学异养、需氧化学异养、甲基营养以及甲醇氧化功能的表达量显著下降,内生细菌的潜在致病性类群比例显著提高,内生真菌的腐生营养型、病理营养型和病理-共生营养型的比例显著下降,未知营养型的内生真菌比例显著上升。研究结果提供了火龙果果皮内生微生物的生物信息,为揭示火龙果内生微生物在溃疡病发生中的作用以及利用内生有益微生物功能提供理论依据。The microbial community of fruit peel tissues helps to improve fruit quality and resistance to pathogens.There are few reports on the community structure and diversity of endophytic microbes of pitaya peel tissues.This study analyzed the composition and diversity of the endophytic microbial communities in the peel tissues of young healthy fruits and diseased fruits at the early stage of canker disease,and predicted microbial functions to understand the characteristics,through Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the diversity and structure of the endophytic bacterial and fungal communities between healthy and diseased peel tissues of pitaya young fruits.In the peel tissues of healthy fruits,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota,Firmicutes,Bacteroidota,Deinococcota,Desulfobacteriota and Chloroflexi were the dominant bacterial phyla,and Ascomycota,unclassified_k_Fungi,Basidiomycota and Mucoromycota were the dominant fungal phyla.In the early stage of canker disease,the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota and Deinococcota,as well as fungal phylum Ascomycota,significantly decreased,while bacterial phylum Desulfobacteriota and fungal phylum unclassified_k_Fungi significantly increased in average relative abundance.Compared with the healthy fruits peel,with differences in the proportion of the above microbes,the expression levels of chemoheterotrophy,aerobic chemoheterotrophy,methylotrophic and methanol oxidation functions of endophytic bacteria in diseased fruits peel significantly decreased,the proportion of potentially_pathogenic groups of endophytic bacteria significantly increased,the proportion of saprotroph,pathotroph,pathotroph symbiotroph of endophytic fungi significantly decreased,and the proportion of unknown trophic fungi significantly increased.The results would provide biological information on the endophytic microbes in pitaya fruits peel,to reveal the role in the occurrence of pitaya canker disease and provide theoretic

关 键 词：火龙果 溃疡病 果皮组织 内生细菌 内生真菌 群落多样性 

分 类 号：S436.67[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]