超高速传动系统径向双端面机械密封端面温升及变形研究  

Study on Temperature Rise and Deformation of Radial Double-face Mechanical Seal End Faces of the Ultra-high-speed Drive System

作　　者：赵天琦 伊进宝 文孟刚 肖炎彬 史小锋 潘阳 Zhao Tianqi;Yi Jinbao;Wen Menggang;Xiao Yanbin;Shi Xiaofeng;Pan Yang(The 705 Research Institute of CSSC,Xi'an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇五研究所,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《机械传动》2024年第10期138-147,共10页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

摘　　要：鱼雷涡轮发动机超高速齿轮传动支承轴承腔滑油径向双端面机械密封运行转速高达50000r/min,面临摩擦生热多、密封介质高温高压等极端工况,密封性能难以保障,影响齿轮和轴承的润滑特性。对此,建立超高速齿轮箱机械密封热-流-固耦合仿真模型,分析了机械密封冷却水流场及其端面温升和变形情况;研究了热态条件下弹簧比压、冷却水流量和静环过盈量对密封端面温升和变形的影响。结果表明,热态下内层密封两侧介质压差为1.1MPa,是冷态的11倍;内、外层密封端面最高温度分别达400℃和370℃,是冷态的3倍左右;热态下密封端面变形大于冷态,且内层密封端面变形大于外层;密封端面温升随弹簧比压增加而增加,而随冷却水流量增加而降低,最佳冷却水流量为0.2kg/s;随弹簧比压增大,动环端面变形逐步变大,而静环端面变形几乎不变,冷却水流量对密封端面变形影响不大;静环端面变形随过盈量增大而增大,且内层静环端面变形大于外层。The operating speed of the radial double-end mechanical seal of the lubricating oil in the ultra-high-speed gear transmission bearing chamber of the torpedo turbine engine is as high as 50000 r/min.Facing extreme conditions such as friction heat generation,high temperature and high pressure of the sealing medium,the sealing performance is difficult to guarantee,thus affecting the lubrication characteristics of gears and bearings.To solve this problem,the thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation model of the mechanical seal of the ultra-high speed gearbox was established,and the cooling water flow field of the mechanical seal and the temperature rise and deformation of its end face were analyzed.The effects of spring pressure,cooling water flow and static ring interference on the temperature rise and deformation of the seal end face under hot conditions were studied.The results show that the pressure difference between the two sides of the inner seal in the hot state is 1.1 MPa,which is 11 times that of the cold state.The maximum temperature of the inner and outer seal faces reaches 400℃ and 370℃,which is about three times that in the cold state.The deformation of the seal end face in the hot state is greater than that in the cold state,and the deformation of the inner seal end face is greater than that of the outer layer.The temperature rise of the seal end face increases with the increase of the spring pressure and decreases with the increase of the cooling water flow rate.The optimal cooling water flow rate is 0.2 kg/s.With the increase of spring pressure,the deformation of the end face of the moving ring gradually increases,while the deformation of the end face of the static ring is almost unchanged,and the cooling water flow rate has little effect on the deformation of the sealing end face.The deformation of the end face in the static ring increases with the increase of the interference,and the deformation of the end face of the inner static ring is larger than that of the outer layer.

关 键 词：径向双端面 机械密封 端面温度 端面变形 

分 类 号：TH136[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]