尿素电氧化协同析氢反应双功能催化剂研究进展  

Advances in bifunctional catalysts for urea electrooxidation synergized with hydrogen evolution reaction

作　　者：王鹭 张珂 郭嘉玉 李宪硕 袁立杰 杨伯伦[3] WANG Lu;ZHANG Ke;GUO Jiayu;LI Xianshuo;YUAN Lijie;YANG Bolun(School of Civil Engineering,Chang′an University,Xi′an 710061,Shaanxi Province,China;Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering,The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Hong Kong 999077,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710049,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学建筑工程学院,陕西西安710061 [2]香港科技大学化学及生物工程学系,中国香港999077 [3]西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《化学工程》2024年第10期25-31,共7页Chemical Engineering(China)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(22008189);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JQ-587)。

摘　　要：尿素电解技术通过耦合阳极电化学尿素氧化与阴极协同产氢,对富尿素废水绿色处理和节能制氢具有重要意义,其应用的关键在于设计构筑高效且稳定的UOR(尿素氧化反应)和HER(析氢反应)催化剂。若采用对UOR和HER均有效的双功能催化剂,不仅能简化电解槽构造,还可有效避免阳极和阴极不同催化剂之间固有的不相容性及其引发的副反应。基于此,综述尿素电解双功能催化剂的研究进展,分类评述镍基(氮化镍、磷化镍、硫化镍、氧化镍及其复合材料)、钴基和镍-钴基双功能催化剂的设计开发策略和性能强化机制,归纳典型尿素电解双功能催化剂的UOR/HER特性及其电解槽性能,并展望其未来的发展方向,旨在为推动尿素电解双功能催化剂的应用提供借鉴。Urea electrolysis technology achieves the synergistic hydrogen production at the cathode by coupling anodic electrochemical urea oxidation.It is of great importance for green treatment of urea-rich wastewater and energy-saving hydrogen production.The key to its application lies in the design and construction of efficient and stable UOR(urea oxidation reaction)and HER(hydrogen evolution reaction)catalysts.Compared with adopting different catalysts,the use of bifunctional catalysts active for UOR and HER not only simplifies the electrolyzer configuration,but also effectively avoids the inherent incompatibility and the side reactions triggered by different catalysts at the anode and cathode.For this reason,the research progress of bifunctional catalysts for urea electrolysis was reviewed.Furthermore,the design development strategies and performance reinforcement mechanisms of nickel-based(nickel nitride,nickel phosphide,nickel sulfide,nickel oxide and their composites),cobalt-based and nickel-cobalt-based bifunctional catalysts were categorically reviewed.In addition,the UOR/HER characteristics and electrolyzer performances of the typical bifunctional catalysts for urea electrolysis were summarized.Finally,the future directions of bifunctional catalysts for urea electrolysis are prospected,aiming to provide a reference for promoting its applications.

关 键 词：尿素电解 双功能催化剂 尿素氧化反应 析氢反应 强化机制 

分 类 号：O643.36[理学—物理化学] TQ116.2[理学—化学]