阶段、形态、道路:国外学界关于资本主义的大讨论  

Stages,Forms and Paths:Global Discussion on Capitalism in Foreign Academic Circles

作　　者：来庆立[1] Lai Qingli

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院中国马克思主义研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《当代世界社会主义问题》2024年第3期101-113,167,共14页Issues of Contemporary World Socialism

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“发展中国家共产党对社会主义现代化的新探索研究”(22BKS033)。

摘　　要：近年来,国外学界展开了对资本主义的讨论,主要涉及资本主义的发展阶段、演变形态、未来演进等。在发展阶段层面,国外学界主要认为当前资本主义处于金融垄断发展阶段,不可持续且本质更加暴露,呈现诸多新特征。在演变形态层面,国外学界主要认为资本主义演化出数字定居者资本主义、监视资本主义、数字金融资本主义、利益相关者资本主义。当前资本主义愈发等级化,形成超级资本主义、权贵裙带资本主义、依附资本主义、技术封建资本主义;在总体上带来恶果,导致过度借贷资本主义、食人资本主义、气候帝国主义、灾难资本主义。国外学界普遍认为资本主义必须改变,由此,形成四种主要认识:替代资本主义、超越资本主义、后资本主义、新资本主义。In recent years,foreign academic circles have launched a“global discussion”on capitalism,mainly involving the development stage,evolutionary form,and future evolution of capitalism.At the level of development stage,foreign academic circles mainly believe that current capitalism is in the stage of financial monopoly development,which is unsustainable and its essence is more exposed,showing many new characteristics.At the level of evolutionary form,foreign academic circles mainly believe that capitalism has evolved into digital settler capitalism,surveillance capitalism,digital financial capitalism,and stakeholder capitalism.At present,capitalism is becoming more and more hierarchical,forming super capitalism,crony capitalism,dependent capitalism,and technological feudal capitalism;it has brought about adverse consequences in general,leading to excessive borrowing capitalism,cannibal capitalism,climate imperialism,and disaster capitalism.As a result,foreign academic circles generally believe that capitalism has to change and must change,forming four main perceptions:alternative capitalism,transcending capitalism,post-capitalism,and new capitalism.

关 键 词：资本主义 发展阶段 发展形态 未来演进 

分 类 号：D033.3[政治法律—政治学] F03[经济管理—政治经济学]