气候变化影响下多年冻土区铁路路基热稳定性分析  

Analysis of Thermal Stability of Railway Subgrade in Permafrost Regions Affected by Climate Change

作　　者：闫宏业[1,2] 蔡德钩 答治华 张先军 刘有乾 米维军 刘晓贺 YAN Hongye;CAI Degou;DA Zhihua;ZHANG Xianjun;LIU Yongqian;MI Weijun;LIU Xiaohe(Postgraduate Department,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Department of Science,Technology and Information,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China;Engineering Management Center,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China;China Railway Qinghai-Tibet Group Co.,Ltd.,Xining Qinghai 810000,China;Special Soil Treatment Science and Technology Innovation Center,Northwest Research Institute Co.,Ltd.of China Railway Construction Corporation,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院研究生部,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [3]中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技和信息化部,北京100844 [4]中国国家铁路集团有限公司工程管理中心,北京100844 [5]中国铁路青藏集团有限公司,青海西宁810000 [6]中铁西北科学研究院有限公司特殊土治理科创中心,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2024年第5期1-12,共12页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2268216);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(P2021G047);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司院基金课题(2020YJ082)。

摘　　要：全球气候变暖加剧了青藏高原气候暖湿化,威胁着高原铁路路基及下伏多年冻土的热稳定性,但以往研究缺乏综合考虑铁路沿线气候、多年冻土及路基稳定性的系统分析。针对这一研究的不足,基于铁路沿线气象和多年冻土路基地温监测数据,分析铁路沿线多年冻土区气温降水、天然场地年平均地温与天然上限、路基人为上限及路基左右路肩沉降变化,揭示气候暖湿化背景下铁路多年冻土路基热稳定性变化,为多年冻土区铁路建设和维护提供参考。结果表明:近20年来,铁路沿线年均气温和年均降水量的平均值分别增加了1.2℃和80mm;相较于2007年,2020年铁路沿线天然场地多年冻土年均地温平均升高0.1℃,多年冻土天然上限平均下降0.58 m,路基人为上限平均抬升2.34 m,路基左路肩平均沉降大于右路肩,存在阴阳坡效应。整体而言,铁路多年冻土路基状态稳定,运行状态良好,建设运营期间采取的一系列工程措施有效,但面向未来气候加剧变化趋势,应提前谋划多年冻土保护新技术。Influenced by global climate warming,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has experienced intensifying warm and humid trend,leading to an increase in annual average temperature and precipitation along the railway route.Consequently,the underlying permafrost beneath the railway subgrade has undergone changes.However,previous studies have lacked a comprehensive systematic analysis that integrates climate,permafrost,and subgrade stability along the railway route.To address this gap,utilizing meteorological station data and monitored ground temperature data from permafrost regions along the railway,this study analyzes the variations in temperature and precipitation,the annual average ground temperature and natural upper limit of permafrost,the artificial upper limit of the embankment,and the lateral settlement of the embankment shoulder.The results indicate that over the past two decades,the annual average temperature and precipitation along the railway route have increased in average values of 1.2℃ and 80 mm,respectively.Compared to 2007,the annual average ground temperature of the natural permafrost sites along the railway route increased by 0.1℃ in 2020.The natural upper limit of permafrost decreased by an average of 0.58 m,while the artificial upper limit of permafrost in the embankment increased by an average of 2.34 m.Moreover,the left embankment shoulder experienced greater settlement compared to the right shoulder,indicating a distinct southern and northern slopes effect.Overall,the permafrost subgrade of the railway remains stable,and in good operating condition,affirming the effectiveness of engineering measures implemented during construction and operation.However,in anticipation of further climate change in the future,it is recommended to proactively plan for new permafrost protection technology.

关 键 词：高原铁路 气候变化 多年冻土 冻土上限 阴阳坡效应 地温监测 

分 类 号：U213.1[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]