高强钢A588-A作为碰撞吸能盒材料的可行性研究  

Feasibility Study on High Strength Alloy A588-A as a Material of Crush Box

作　　者：陈乐恒 刘雁翔 米清浩 万红雨 CHEN Leheng;LIU Yanxiang;MI Qinghao;WAN Hongyu(R&D Center,CRRC Tangshan Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan Hebei 064000,China)

机构地区：[1]中车唐山机车车辆有限公司产品研发中心,河北唐山064000

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2024年第5期147-157,共11页China Railway Science

基　　金：河北省重大科技成果转化专项项目(180422102)。

摘　　要：为验证高强钢A588-A作为碰撞吸能盒材料的可行性,在分析高强钢A588-A材料特性的基础上,根据美标要求制作高强钢A588-A材料的拉伸试样,进行准静态拉伸试验,建立有限元模型并进行仿真计算,获取其准确的力学性能;建立高强钢A588-A吸能盒单件和组件的三维模型和有限元模型,对吸能盒组件进行模拟碰撞仿真计算,并与实物碰撞试验进行对比。结果表明:由高强钢A588-A为基材的吸能盒组件具有优良的耐撞性能,33 km·h^(-1)冲击速度下的吸能量达2.06 MJ,可作为高速、重载轨道车辆吸能盒的首选材料;模拟碰撞仿真计算结果和实物碰撞试验结果具有高度的匹配性,可通过模拟碰撞仿真对设计方案进行有效的验证。In order to verify the feasibility of high strength alloy A588-A as a crush box material,based on the analysis of the material characteristics of high strength alloy A588-A,tensile samples of high strength alloy A588-A were made according to the requirements of American standard,and quasi-static tests were carried out.The finite element models were built and the simulation calculation was carried out,to acquire the accurate mechanics characteristics.The finite element model of high strength alloy A588-A specimen and the threedimensional model and finite element model of the components and assemblies of the crush box were built.The simulation calculation of the crash box was carried out,and the comparison was made with the physical crash test.The results show that the crush box made of high strength alloy A588-A as the material has excellent crashworthiness performance:the absorbed energy is up to 2.06 MJ at the crash speed of 33 km·h^(-1),and high strength alloy A588-A can be used as the preferred material for crush boxes of high-speed and heavy-haul rail vehicles.The simulation results of crash simulation highly match with results of the physical crash test,and the design scheme can be effectively verified with crash simulation.

关 键 词：高强钢A588-A材料 吸能盒 碰撞性能 仿真 试验 可行性研究 

分 类 号：U270.4[机械工程—车辆工程]