不同向日葵品种抗列当G小种水平鉴定及抗性机制初步研究  

Identification of resistance levels and preliminary investigation of resistance mechamism in sunflower varieties against Race G of Orobanche cumana

作　　者：包婷婷[1] 石胜华 闫宁宁 刘志达 杨佳乐 张文兵 张键[1] 张之为[1] 赵君[1] BAO Ting-ting;SHI Sheng-hua;YAN Ning-ning;LIU Zhi-da;YANG Jia-le;ZHANG Wen-bing;ZHANG Jian;ZHANG Zhi-wei;ZHAO Jun(School of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Bayannur Agricultural and Livestock Product Quality Safety Center,Bayannur 015000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]巴彦淖尔市农畜产品质量安全中心,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2024年第5期1129-1139,共11页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家特色油料产业技术体系(CARS-14);内蒙古自治区科技攻关项目(2021GG0149);鄂尔多斯市科技重大专项(2021ZD农35-1);中央引导地方科技发展计划(2022ZY0075);内蒙古自治区重点研发和科技成果转化计划(2022YFXZ0039)。

摘　　要：向日葵列当已经成为制约我国向日葵产业健康发展的瓶颈因素,种植抗列当品种是目前最简便易行且经济有效的防治措施,明确向日葵抗列当机制对于抗性育种至关重要。本研究利用培养皿滤纸体系对32份向日葵品种抗列当G小种的水平进行了评价和鉴定,筛选出抗列当品种JK103和感列当品种LD5009。人工接种单株纯化的G小种后,在列当的萌芽期、瘤结期及出茎期比较了抗、感品种根系上寄生的瘤结数、细胞壁上胼胝质沉积量、过氧化氢积累、ROS清除酶活性和抗性基因转录表达的差异。结果表明:抗性品种JK103根系寄生的平均瘤结数为3.2个,显著低于感列当品种LD5009(16.2个);JK103根系细胞壁沉积的胼胝质数量显著高于LD5009,JK103和LD5009根系中过氧化氢的含量以及不同ROS清除酶的活性均呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,相同时间点JK103根系中上述指标变化幅度显著高于LD5009。抗性相关基因转录水平的检测结果表明,除XTH6外,所有测试的抗性相关基因,如Ha-PR1,LOX,CAT等在抗性品种JK103中的相对表达含量显著高于感病品种LD5009。上述结果表明,向日葵通过强化根系的结构抗性和生理生化抗性,以及通过调控H_(2)O_(2)、JA、SA等抗性相关信号分子的水平来实现对列当侵染的抑制。Orobanche cumana has become a bottleneck factor restricting the healthy development of the sun-flower industry in China.Planting sunflower varieties resistant to broomrape is the simplest,feasible,and cost-effec-tive control measure at present.It is important to clarify the mechanism of sunflower resistance for breeding resis-tant varieties to broomrape.In this study,we used the petri dish filter paper system to edaluate and identify the resis-tance level of 32 sunflower varieties.We selected two sunflower varieties(JK103 and LD5009)with significant dif-ference in resistance and sensitivity level.After artificial inoculation of the G race,the differences in the number of parasitic nodulation on roots,callose deposition in cell wall,hydrogen peroxide accumulation,ROS scavenging en-zyme activity and transcription expression of resistance genes between resistant and susceptible varieties were com-pared at germination stage,nodulation stage and shoot meristem stage.The results showed as follows:(1)The aver-age number of parasitism tubercle in the roots of JK103 was 3.2,significantly lower than that of LD5009,which was 16.2.The callose mass deposited in the root cell wall of JK103 was significantly higher than that of LD5009;The content of hydrogen peroxide and the activities of different ROS scavenging enzymes in the roots of JK103 and LD5009 showed an initial trend of increase and then later decreased.The magnitude of the changes of the above in-dicators in the roots of JK103 was significantly higher than that of LD5009 at the same time point;The quantitative transcription level results of the resistance-related genes showed that,except XTH6,the relative expression content of all tested resistance-related genes,such as Ha-PR1,LOX,CAT,etc.in resistant variety JK103 was significantly higher than the susceptible variety LD5009.The above results suggested that sunflower against the infection of broomrape via structural and physiological resistance mechanism,meanwhile,the signal molecules,such as H_(2)O_(2),JA and SA wer

关 键 词：向日葵列当 抗性基因 过氧化氢含量 抗氧化酶活性 

分 类 号：S453[农业科学—植物保护]