应受行政处罚行为构造理论的优化  

Optimization of Construction Theory of Act Deserved to be Punished by Administrative Sanction

作　　者：周海源[1] Zhou Haiyuan

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学中国法治战略研究院

出　　处：《法学》2024年第10期51-66,共16页Law Science

摘　　要：构成要件理论在解释应受行政处罚行为构造方面具有基础性地位,但这一理论在部分事例中可能造成部门行政法不能全面准确界定应予惩戒的行为,削弱了《行政处罚法》的总则地位,同时导致执法上形式违法与实质违法的脱钩。类型理论认为,法律行为由本质属性和外观形态两部分构成,其可适用于解释当前部门行政法设定的大部分应受行政处罚行为,同时也契合于执法实践需要。运用类型理论作为解释和建构应受行政处罚行为的补充理论,能确保立法更好衔接事实与规范,统合部门行政法与《行政处罚法》的关系,确保执法中形式违法与实质违法的统一。依类型理论,应受行政处罚行为可通过描述外观形态、界定本质属性和设置波段宽度加以建构。The theory of constitutive factors plays a fundamental role in explaining the structure of acts that should be subject to administrative punishment.However,in some cases,this theory may cause the departmental administrative law to fail to fully and accurately define the acts that should be punished,weaken the general principle status of the"Administrative Punishment Law",and lead to the decoupling of formal illegality and substantive illegality in law enforcement.The type theory holds that legal acts are composed of two parts:essential attributes and appearance,which can be applied to explain most of the administrative penalties set by the current departmental administrative law,and also meet the needs of law enforcement practice.By using the type theory as a supplementary theory to explain and construct the behavior that should be subject to administrative punishment,it can ensure legislation better connects facts and norms,integrates the relationship between departmental administrative law and administrative punishment law,and ensures the unity of formal illegality and substantive illegality in law enforcement.According to the type theory,the act that should be subject to administrative punishment can be constructed by describing the appearance,defining the essential attributes and setting the band width.

关 键 词：应受行政处罚行为 行为构造 构成要件理论 类型理论 

分 类 号：D922.11[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]