速度-准确性权衡的计算模型和其神经机制  

The Computational Models and Neural Mechanisms of the Speed-Accuracy Trade-Off

作　　者：郭鸣谦 史康音 王秀希[4] MING Qian-guo;KANG Yin-shi;XIN Xi-wang(Behavioral Science Institute,Radboud University,Nijmegen,6525GD,Netherlands;School of Education and Psychology,Chengdu Normal University,Chengdu 611130,China;School of Psychology,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;School of education,Handan University,Handan 056005,China)

机构地区：[1]拉德堡德大学行为科学研究所,奈梅亨6525GD [2]成都师范学院教育与心理学院,成都611130 [3]华南师范大学心理学院,广州510631 [4]邯郸学院教育学院,邯郸056005

出　　处：《应用心理学》2024年第5期457-469,共13页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：河北省2020-2021年度社科基金项目《全面二孩政策背景下家庭教养方式对同胞关系的影响研究》(课题编号:HB20JY041)。

摘　　要：速度-准确性权衡是决策和动作控制中常见的现象,人类和动物通常需要在确保正确率和提高反应速度之间做出权衡。研究人员通常使用计算模型对速度-准确性权衡进行建模。本文回顾了经典序列抽样模型和紧迫性信号类模型对速度-准确性权衡的解释,总结了相关的神经成像研究。未来的研究应关注情境对速度-准确性权衡策略的影响,探索其与人格特质和其他认知功能的关系,进一步完善速度-准确性权衡的神经机制和计算模型之间的联系。The speed-accuracy trade-off is a common phenomenon in decision-making and action control,where humans and animals often need to balance between ensuring accuracy and speeding up their response.Computational modeling has become a cornerstone in research dedicated to elucidating this phenomenon.This article offers a comprehensive review of quintessential sequential sampling models,including the drift-diffusion model and urgency signal models,which have been instrumental in interpreting the speed-accuracy trade-off.Furthermore,we encapsulate findings from neural imaging studies that delve into this trade-off.Future research should focus on examining the influence of contextual factors on decision strategies in speed-accuracy trade-off,investigating their relationship with personality traits and other cognitive functions,and refining the link between neural mechanisms and computational models of the speed-accuracy trade-off.

关 键 词：速度-准确性权衡 计算模型 漂移扩散模型 紧迫门控模型 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]