中药材间作种植历史、模式及其案例分析  

Intercropping history,pattern,and case analysis of Chinese medicinal material

作　　者：段婉莹 陈小莉 冉志芳 方磊 宋政建 郭兰萍[2] 周洁 DUAN Wan-ying;CHEN Xiao-li;RAN Zhi-fang;FANG Lei;SONG Zheng-jian;GUO Lan-ping;ZHOU Jie(School of Biological Science and Technology,University of Jinan,Ji'nan 250022,China;State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Shandong Engineering Research Center of Key Technologies for High-Value and High-Efficiency Full Industry Chain of Lonicera japonica,Linyi 273399,China;Weihai Wendeng District Dao Di Ginseng Industry Co.,Ltd.,Weihai 264400,China;Pingyi Fangyuan Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Linyi 273399,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学生物科学与技术学院,山东济南250022 [2]中国中医科学院中药资源中心道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室,北京100700 [3]金银花全产业链高值高效关键技术山东省工程研究中心,山东临沂273399 [4]平邑方圆药业有限公司,山东威海264400 [5]威海市文登区道地参业发展有限公司,山东临沂273399

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2024年第18期4841-4846,共6页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家“十四五”重点研发计划项目子课题(2023YFC3503802);山东省重点研发计划项目(2022TZXD0036);中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302-2302-06);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022MH101);鲁豫科技协作项目(2023-01);2023山东省重点扶持区域引进急需紧缺人才项目(12)。

摘　　要：间作是一种传统且应用广泛的种植模式,与单作相比,间作植物在空间分布、形态结构等方面存在差异,能充分利用复合群体生态位互补原理,弱化种间或种内竞争,增强互补生长,实现有限空间资源高效获取和现有资源高效转换。在历史上,中药材间作模式经历两千多年的发展演变,从创始探索到继承发展。如今,中药材与粮、林、果、药等形成的间作模式已成为中药材生态种植的重要组成部分,在提高养分资源利用效率、系统生产力、降低病虫害发生及提高药材产量与品质方面效果显著。该文从我国中药材间作种植历史、目前主要间作模式、常见区域案例分析及间作的空间生态位互补原理等方面进行综述,以期为中药材间作种植实践与研究提供参考。Intercropping is a traditional and widely used planting pattern,and different intercropped plants have differences in spatial distribution and morphological structure compared with monoculture.Therefore,intercropping can realize efficient acquisition of limited space resources and efficient conversion of existing resources by utilizing the principle of niche complementarity of composite groups,weakening interspecific or intra-specific competition,and enhancing their complementary growth.Intercropping of Chinese medicinal material(CMM)has experienced the evolution of more than two thousand years from its founding to inheritance and development.Nowadays,the intercropping pattern formed by CMM and grain,forest,fruit,and herbs has become an integral branch of ecological planting of CMM,which has improved the utilization efficiency of nutrient resources and system productivity,reduced the occurrence of diseases and pests,and enhanced the yield and quality of medicinal materials.This article summarized the intercropping history of CMM in China,current main intercropping patterns,common regional cases,and the principle of spatial niche complementarity of intercropping,so as to provide a reference for intercropping practice and research of CMM.

关 键 词：中药材 间作 模式 机制 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]