太空飞行影响人参种子完成形态后熟后的代谢和转录差异研究  

Study on differences in metabolism and transcription of ginseng seeds after morphological post ripening by space flight

作　　者：梁浩 邵财[1] 孙海[1] 周季欣 吕柏辰 马福刚 张亚玉[1,2] LIANG Hao;SHAO Cai;SUN Hai;ZHOU Ji-xin;LYU Bo-chen;MA Fu-gang;ZHANG Ya-yu(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China;College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China;Xingtianjian Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd.,Benxi 117000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林长春130112 [2]成都大学食品与生物工程学院,四川成都610106 [3]行天健药业集团有限公司,辽宁本溪117000

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2024年第18期4913-4924,共12页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-21);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-ISAPS)。

摘　　要：为探究太空飞行处理种子与地面种子在形态后熟完成后的代谢和转录差异,该研究以太空飞行处理和保存于地面的人参种子为材料,采用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用(UPLC-MS)技术和高通量转录组测序(RNA-seq)技术进行代谢组学和转录组学分析,筛选萜类差异代谢物、差异内源激素和差异表达基因。结果表明,通过代谢组学分析发现在实验组和对照组中共获得22个萜类差异代谢物,包括竹节参皂苷FK_(7)(chikusetsusaponin FK_(7))、人参皂苷F_(2)(ginsenoside F_(2))、人参皂苷K(ginseno-side K)、珠子参苷R_(1)(majoroside R_(1))、人参皂苷Re_(5)(ginsenoside Re_(5))、12-羟基松香酸(12-hydroxyabietic acid)等;通过转录组学分析在实验组和对照组中筛选了15个萜类代谢相关差异基因,包括FCase、AACT、PMK等,并基于MEP和MVA途径将这些基因整合到通路中,同时筛选出了种子萌发过程中的相关基因LEC2、PIPK、PUF、REC、QUD、PIR;在内源激素检测中,共获得17个差异激素代谢物,包括生长素(IAA)、细胞分裂素(CK)、茉莉酸(JA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA)、水杨酸(SA),其中CK在SP组中含量升高,GA和SA在SP组中含量下降,同时筛选得到CK、GA、SA相关的基因。该研究为进一步挖掘人参种子萜类代谢产物生物合成与种子萌发过程中的关键内源激素和酶基因奠定了基础,同时也为太空飞行诱变技术在人参中的应用研究提供了参考。To explore the difference in metabolism and transcription between seeds experiencing space flight and ground seeds after morphological post ripening,this study utilized ginseng seeds experiencing space flight and ground seeds as materials.Metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses were conducted using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS)and high-throughput transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)technologies,so as to identify differential terpenoid metabolites,differential endogenous hormones,and differentially expressed genes.The results showed that through metabolomics analysis,a total of 22 differential terpenoid metabolites were identified in the experimental and control groups,including chikusetsusaponin FK_(7),ginsenoside F_(2),ginseno-side K,majoroside R_(1),ginsenoside Re_(5),12-hydroxyabietic acid,etc;through transcriptomics analysis,15 differential terpenoid metabolism-related differentially expressed genes were identified in the experimental and control groups,including FCase,AACT,PMK,etc,and these genes were integrated into the pathway based on the MEP and MVA.At the same time,genes related to the seed germination process such as LEC2,PIPK,PUF,REC,QUD,and PIR were screened.In the detection of endogenous hormones,a total of 17 differential hormone metabolites were obtained,including IAA,CK,JA,ABA,GA,and SA.Among them,the content of CK increased in the SP group,while the content of GA and SA decreased in the SP group.Genes related to CK,GA,and SA were also screened.This study laid the foundation for further exploration of the biosynthesis of terpenoid metabolites in ginseng seeds and the key endogenous hormones and enzyme genes involved in the seed germination process,and it provided a reference for the application of space flight mutagenesis technology in ginseng.

关 键 词：人参 代谢组 转录组 萜类代谢 内源激素 

分 类 号：S567.51[农业科学—中草药栽培]